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GI > GI investigations > Flashcards

GI investigations Flashcards

1
Q

Blood tests

A 
U&E’s -Urea and electrolytes
Liver Function tests- GGT and ALT
CRP- C-reactive protein 
Thyroid function 
F.B.C. - White blood cells as a sign of inflammation /Anemia 
Haemanitics
Coagulation 
Hepatic screening 
Coeliac screening 
Urine collections: catecholamines 
Nutrition screen 
Laxative screen
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2
Q

What is a coeliac screening

A

Tissue transglutaminase antibodies
IgA/IgG
endomysial antibodies

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3
Q

What is involved in a hepatic screening

A

auto antibodies
Ferritin
alpha-1 antitrypsin

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4
Q

what is haemanitics

A

deficiency in vitamins required for normal erythropoiesis (B12/ folate/ ferritin)

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5
Q

Breath tests

A
  • Urea breath test- can be a sign of H.pylori
  • Hydrogen breath test- sign of bacterial overgrowth
  • Lactose intolerance- gastrointestinal discomfort
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6
Q

Stool analysis

A
  • Stool culture
  • Faecal Calprotein
  • Faecal Elastase
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7
Q

what is faecal calprotein a sign of?

A

a sign of small bowel inflammation- Neutrophils will be moving into the mucosa of the SI

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8
Q

What is faecal elastase a sign of?

A

protein produced in the Pancreas- sign of pancreatic insufficiency- indicated pancreas is unable to transport to SB

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9
Q

Bedside investigation

A

BMI

  • Pulse oximetry
  • ECG
  • Urinalysis
  • Capillary glucose
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10
Q

Oesophageal Ph and manometry

A
  • Assess for reflux

- Assess for dysmotility

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11
Q

Upper endoscopy

A
  • Examines from oesophagus to duodenum
  • Anaestetic needs to be used
  • Allows stenting/ Biopsy
  • Risks: hemmorage, ulceration, perforation
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12
Q

Colonoscopy

A
  • Examines from rectum to terminal Ileum
  • use Sedation and bowel preparation
  • risk: Haemmorage, perforation and can interfere with bowel movement
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13
Q

what does ERCP stand for

A

Endoscopic retrograde Cholagio-Pancreatography

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14
Q

ERCP

A
  • Uses sedation
  • Allows visualisation of the pancreatic ducts and the biliary system
  • Can be used to remove stones, stunting, dilatation, biopsy
  • Risk: pancreatitis, hemmorage, infection
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15
Q

Endoscopic ultrasound

A
  • Used for staging and biopsy

- Allows cyst drainage and biopsy

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16
Q

Enteroscopy

A
  • Visualisation of the SI/ biopsy
  • Tube with camera inserted
  • Has one or two balloons attached which can be inflated to give the surgeon a better visualisation

GI (16 decks)

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