GI Intestine (Akbareli) iii107-213 Flashcards
What type of motility is associated with the esophagus?
Peristalsis
What type of motility is associated with the stomach and small intestine?
- Non-propulsive segmental contractions
2. Propulsive peristaltic contractions
Upon what three things is motility dependent?
- Myogenic (smooth muscle) effects
- Neurogenic (ENS) effects
- Humoral effects
What is the disorder characterized by impaired relaxation of the LES with defective peristalsis?
Achalasia
What is the disorder characterized by delayed gastric emptying?
Gastroparesis
What disorder is characterized by diarrhea and constipation?
Intestinal motility disorder(s)
What is an example of a functional bowel disorder?
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
What are two examples of inflammatory bowel diseases?
- Ulcerative Colitis
2. Crohn’s disease
What would characterize an ideal pro kinetic agent?
One that enhances the release of excitatory neurotransmitters at the nerve ending while still preserving the normal pattern of motility.
M2 and M3 are what type of receptors and what cells are they found in?
Muscarinic found on smooth muscle cells
What cholinergic agent is a structural analog of acetylcholine?
Bethenechol
What cholinergic agent is not useful as a pro kinetic agent?
Bethenechol
Which cholinergic agent induced non propulsive contractility?
Bethenechol
What are side effects of Bethenechol?
Cholinergic receptor stimulation
What cholinergic agent inhibits degradation of acetylcholine by esterase?
Cholinesterase inhibitors
What is an example of a cholinesterase inhibitor discussed in class?
Neostigmine methylsulfate
What cholinergic agent enhances acetylchoiine activity and accelerates GI transit?
Neostigmine methylsulfate
What cholinergic agent is used in acute colonic pseudo-obstruction / paralytic ileum?
Neostigmine methylsulfate
What effect does dopamine have on the motor neurons in the myenteric plexus?
Inhibits the release of acetylcholine from the motor neurons
What effect does a dopamine receptor antagonist have?
Enhances the release of acetylcholine (a pro kinetic effect)
What is an example of a substituted benzamide?
Metoclopramide (REGLAN)
What is the effect of 5HT4 agonism?
Some central 5HT3 receptor antagonism