GI I Flashcards
mucosa
top layer of GI, has epithelium, lamina propria and muscularis mucosae
submucosa
loose or dense CT deep to mucosa containing blood and lymphatics
muscularis externa
inner circular, outer longitudinal muscle
adventitia
where organ attaches to CT
serosa
where organ is covered with mesothelium
epithelium of the esophagus
SSNKE
GERD
gastroesophageal reflux disease (acid reflux)
Barrett metaplasia
when SSNKE is replaced by columnar epithelial of the stomach because of acid reflux, prelude to carcinoma
glands in the mucosa of the esophagus
rarely exsist, only present in cases of reflux
submucosal esophageal glands
always present in submucosa of the esophagus, mixed seromucous glands with myoepithelial cells
secretions of submucosal esophageal glands
lysozyme, EGF and other proteins
locations of submucosal glands
esophagus and proximal small intestine
squamocolumnar junction
conversion of SSNKE and simple columnar epithelium between esophagus and stomach
cardiac stomach
produces mucus, short pits and short glands
fundic stomach
produces acid and enzymes, short pits and long glands
pyloric stomach
enteroendocrine cells, long pits and short glands
gastrin
hormone that regulates/stimulates digestion by increasing gastric motility and secretion of HCl
surface mucous cells
line the stomach, secrete protective mucus that prevents digestion of stomach wall
gastritis
inflammation of the stomach
gastric proper glands
glands of the fundic stomach, reach down to lamina propria
parietal cells
found in fundic stomach, produce HCl and intrinsic factor, have intrinsic canaliculus
intrinsic factor
binding protein essential for vitamin B12 absorption in small intestine
treatments for heartburn
decrease acid production but also block intrinsic factor
chief cells
deep in gastric glands, produce gastric enzymes, mostly pepsin, basophillic
