gi histology formatives Flashcards
what type of epithelia is found throughout the mouth
stratified squamous non-keratinising epithelium
in the most 1/3 of the tongue, what does the epithelium overlie
a lymphoid infiltrate
where are the circumvalate papillae
(form a V shape line) btwn anterior 2/3 and post 2/3 of tongue
what do filiform papillae do
roughen the surface of the tongue
what are the numerous papillae on the tongue
filiform papillae
what do mucous glands have
cytoplasm
what type of a gland is a parotid gland
purely serous
what is the submandibular gland
mixed mucous and serous
what type of glands are the sublingual, buccal and lingual glands
mucous
what kind of epithelium do the mouth and oesophageal mucosa share
non-keratinising stratified squamous epithelium
what is there in the submucosa of the oesophagus
lymphocytes
what is unique to the oesophagus
ducts
what doesn’t the gastric antrum have that the body and funds do
parietal cells
what is present in the gastric antrum
long crypts (lined by mucous secreting cells)
what are the parts of the stomach (top to bottom)
(oesophagus) fundus body antrum pylorus (duodenum)
what do parietal cells secrete
HCl
intrinsic factor
what does intrinsic factor do
plays a role in the absorption of vitamin B12
what do chief cells secrete
pepsinogen
what is pepsinogen cleaved to (and where)
pepsin - in the gastric lumen
what are the villi like in the duodenum
broad and leaf like
what is chyme
digested food that leaves the stomach
what does the ileum look like in histology
has villous architecture
prominent Peyer’s patches ib submucosa and mucosa
what is present in the ileum but not jejunum or duodenum
Peyer’s patches (prominent lymphoid aggregates)
what are the 2 autonomic nerve plexuses that innervate the GI tract
Meissner’s plexus (submucosa)
Auerbach’s plexus (btwn layers of muscular propria)
where does Meissner’s plexus lie
in the submucosa
where does Auerbach’s plexus lie
btwn layers of muscular propria
what is the colon’s muscular propria like
double-layered
inner circular
outer longitudinal
how does the histology of diff parts of colon differ
it doesn’t - it’s the same
what does the epithelium of the colon comprise of
single columnar layer of mucus-secreting enterocytes
what lies at the centre of the classic liver lobule
central hepatic venue
what is a classic lobule
roughly hexagonal - area drained by 1 central hepatic vein
what are 2 functions of hepatocytes
bile synthesis/secretion
albumin synthesis
what are the phagocytes of the liver
kuppfer cells
what are the antigen presenting cells of the liver and where are they found
ito cells
space of Disse
does the liver synthesise angiotensinogen
yes
does the liver synthesise angiotensin II
no
what is a bile ductule lined by
simple cuboidal epithelium
how are hepatocytes supported
meshwork of type 3 collagen (reticulin)
what does the smooth ER of hepatocytes have
enzymes which inactivate drugs n toxins
what does the rough ER of hepatocytes play a role in
synthesis of plasma proteins
what do hepatocytes usually contain
glycogen particles
what do Ito cells store
fat
how does blood flow to the central veins
portal vein and hepatic artery - through hepatic sinusoids -central veins
how much of the liver’s mood supply is from the hepatic artery
30%
what is bile secreted by
heptocytes
what colour do kupffer cells come up as in histology
blue with Perls’ stain
what are kupffer cells derived from
monocytes
which cells are derived from basophils
mast cells
where do kupffer cells lie
hepatic sinusoids
name 4 features of hepatocytes
- polygonal epithelial cells
- microvillous brush border
- may be binucleate
- abundant mitochondria
what is the gallbladder epithelium like
columnar, with a prominent microvillous brush border
how do the cells of the gallbladder concentrate bile secreted by hepatocytes
by absorbing water
does the gallbladder have muscular mucosae
no
what do acinar cells secrete
a variety of enzymes - in precursor form
what is albumin made by
hepatocytes
