GI Flash notes Flashcards
ACUTE abdominal pain in a child differentials:
appendicitis
gastroenteritis
UTI
lower lobe pneumonia
autoimmune (irritable bowel)
GI obstruction/ constipation
menstruation
inguinal hernia/ testicular torsion
CHRONIC and recurrent abdominal pain in children may be:
GORD
lactose intolerance/ coeliac disease/ cows milk allergy
malrotation
IBD, constipation
abdominal migraine
UTI
vomiting (non bilious) in children is almost always due to:
GORD or gastroenteritis
blood stained vomit causes:
oesophagitis
malrotation
pertussis
chronic vomiting
overfeeding
GORD
bile stained vomit suggests what?
a GI obstruction
diarrhoea in children
(no blood) causes:
infection (gastroenteritis)
coeliac
cows milk allergy, lactose intolerance
IBD (crohn’s)
bloody diarrhoea in children
necrotising entero-colitis
obstruction (intussusception/ volvulus)
causes of a GI obstruction in children:
pyloric stenosis
duodenal atresia (presents in first 24hours of life)
intussusception
malrotation and volvulus
Meckel’s diverticulum
inguinal hernia
signs and symptoms of a bowel obstruction
vomiting (maybe green depending on place)
abdominal distension
Intussusception signs and symptoms
bile stained vomit
colicky pain and pallor
mass in abdomen
recurrent ‘jelly’ stool (blood stained)
shock
malrotation symptoms:
bilious green vomiting
severe, acute abdominal pain
distention
how do you investigate malrotation?
USS
pyloric stenosis signs and symptoms
projectile, non-bilious vomiting after feeds
hunger
peristalsis
pyloric stenosis investigations
USS
blood gases (metabolic alkalosis)