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AY Gastrointestinal > GI drugs summary > Flashcards

GI drugs summary Flashcards

1
Q

What is the mechanism of action of antacids?

A

Neutralise stomach acid

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2
Q

What are antacids used to treat?

A

GORD

Dyspepsia

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3
Q

What is a side effect of aluminium hydroxide?

A

Constipation

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4
Q

What is a side effect of magnesium hydroxide?

A

Diarrhoea

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5
Q

Example of proton pump inhibitor?

A

Omeprazole

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6
Q

Mechanism of action of PPI’s?

A

Inactive in neutral pH active in cannaliculus
Block available/active pumps
Preventing pumping of hydrogen ions

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7
Q

Examples of antacids?

A

Aluminium hydroxide

Magnesium hydroxide

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8
Q

What are PPI’s used in the treatment of?

A

GORD
Peptic Ulcer
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (gastrin secreting tumour of the pancreas)
H. pylori eradication

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9
Q

Treatment of H. Pylori

A

Omeprazole + amoxicillin + clarithromycin
(Metronidazole if allergic to penicillin)
NOT NSAIDs

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10
Q

Example of H2 receptor antagonist

A

Ranitidine

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11
Q

Mechanism of action of H2 receptor antagonists

A

Block action of histamine secreted from ECL’s

Decreased HCl production

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12
Q

What are H2 receptor antagonists used in the treatment of?

A

Dyspepsia
Peptic ulcers
GORD

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13
Q

Side effects of H2 receptor antagonists

A

Hypotension
Headache
Diarrhoea/ constipation

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14
Q

Side effects of PPI’s

A

Constipation
Diarrhoea
Headache

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15
Q

Examples of mucosal strengtheners?

A

Sucralfate

Bismuth chealate

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16
Q

Mechanism of action of mucosal strengtheners

A

Binds to positive charged ulcer base

Forms protective mucosal barrier

17
Q

What are mucosal strengtheners used in the treatment of?

A

GORD

Ulcers

18
Q

Side effects of mucosal strengtheners

A

Constipation

19
Q

Examples of anti motility drugs

A

Loperamide

Codeine

20
Q

Mechanism of action of anti motility drugs

A

Morphine like/ opiate based

Decrease peristalsis and segmentation leading to constipation
Cause sphincter constriction
Increased fluid absorption

21
Q

What are anti motility drugs used in the treatment of?

A

Diarrhoea

22
Q

Side effects of anti motility drugs

A

Drowsiness
Constipation
Urinary retention

23
Q

Examples of 5-ASAs

A

Mesalazine

Sulfasaline

24
Q

Mechanism of action of 5-ASA’s?

A

Anti-inflammatory drug

Derived from salicyloc acid and is thought to trap free radicals

25
Q

What are 5-ASA’s used in?

A

Ulcerative colitis

26
Q

Side effects of 5-ASA’s?

A

Diarrhoea
Nausea
Cramps

27
Q

Examples of corticosteroids

A

Prednisolone

Budesonide

28
Q

What GI conditions are corticosteroids used to treat?

A

Ulcerative colitis
Hepatitis
Crohn’s disease

29
Q

Side effects of corticosteroids

A 
Thrush 
Horse and weak voice 
Growth restrictions 
Glaucoma 
Diabetes 
Cushing's syndrome

AY Gastrointestinal (21 decks)

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