GI and Blood

Question 1

Melena

Answer 1

dark, smelly, foul smelling stool (ulcer) - blood cells are digested in the colon

Question 2

NSAID

Answer 2

non-steroid, anti-inflammatory drug

Question 3

VITALS

Answer 3

temp (35.4 - 37.8) respiratory rate (12-20 tachypnea over 20) heart rate (60-80 normal, less than 60 bradycardia, >100 tachycardia) blood pressure (systole/systolic - 120mmHg (90+age) diastole/diastolic - 80mmHg)

Question 4

blood pressure

Answer 4

systole/systolic - 120mmHg (90+age) diastole/diastolic - 80mmHg

Question 5

epigastric

Question 6

coffee ground emesis

Answer 6

blood altered by gastric contents

Question 7

hematemesis

Question 8

postural vital

Question 9

dry

Answer 9

blood loss

Question 10

hypovolemia

Answer 10

• Subtle (less than 20%, clammy skin, postural vitals) - Moderate (20-40%, shunting from kidneys, low urine volume) - Severe (greater than 40, confused, comatose)

Question 11

shock

Answer 11

inadequate blood and oxygen to the organs (hypovolemic)

Question 12

somatostatin

Answer 12

inhibits

Question 13

metaplasia

Answer 13

change of one type of epithelial cell to another type of cell ex. H.Pylori stimulates stomach cells to look like small intestine cells (intestinal metaplasia), precursor to dysplasia, which are abnormal cells, which eventually can lead to cancer

Question 14

gastrin

Answer 14

stimulates production of cells, acid shuts down, ppi’s can put at risk of gastric carcinomas

Question 16

pernicious anemia

Answer 16

auto-immune parietal cell disorder