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GI > GI anatomy peer teaching > Flashcards

GI anatomy peer teaching Flashcards

1
Q

What artery supplies the foregut?

A

the coeliac trunk

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2
Q

What artery supplies the midgut?

A

superior mesenteric artery

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3
Q

What artery supplies the hindgut?

A

inferior mesenteric artery

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4
Q

What is the nerve supply of the foregut?

A

greater splanchnic nerve T5-T9

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5
Q

What is the nerve supply of the midgut?

A

lesser splanchnic nerve T10-T11

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6
Q

What is the nerve supply of the hindgut?

A

least splanchnic nerve T12

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7
Q

In terms of vertebral levels where will you find the sympathetic chain?

A

T1-L2

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8
Q

What are the sphincters of the stomach?

A

pyloric sphincter

cardiac sphincter

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9
Q

What are the two openings of the stomach called?

A

Cardiac orifice

Pyloric orifice

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10
Q

What are the ridges called on the inner surface of the stomach?

A

rugae

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11
Q

Which arteries supply the greater curvature of the stomach?

A

right gastroepiploic artery

left gastroepiploic artery

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12
Q

What arteries supply the lesser curvature of the stomach?

A

right gastric artery

left gastric artery

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13
Q

Which arteries supply the fundus of the stomach?

A

Short gastric arteries

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14
Q

The short gastric arteries are branches of which artery?

A

the splenic artery

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15
Q

What are the three main branches of the coeliac trunk?

A

Common hepatic
Left Gastric
Splenic

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16
Q

Where does the right gastric artery arise from?

A

the common hepatic artery

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17
Q

The left gastroepiploic artery is a branch of which artery?

A

the splenic artery

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18
Q

Which part of the duodenum does the main pancreatic duct and bile duct empty into?

A

second part via the major papilla

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19
Q

Which sphincter controls the emptying of the bile and main pancreatic ducts into the duodenum?

A

sphincter of Oddi

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20
Q

Describe the muscosa in the duodenum?

A

The muscosa of D1 is smooth but in the rest of the duodenum there are plicae circulares

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21
Q

Which part of the small intestine is the longest?

A

ileum

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22
Q

In which part of the small intestine will you find many peyer’s patches?

A

ileum

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23
Q

What are the arches of artery called that are found in the mesentary of the jejunum and ileum called?

A

arcades

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24
Q

What are the short, straight arteries that arise from arcades called?

A

vasa recta

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25
Q

Which part of the small intestine has the most vasa rectae?

A

ileum

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26
Q

Describe the blood supply of the ascending colon?

A

right colic artery from the superior mesenteric artery

27
Q

Describe the blood supply to the transverse colon?

A

middle colic artery from superior mesenteric artery

28
Q

Describe the blood supply to the descending colon?

A

left colic artery from inferior mesenteric artery

29
Q

Describe the blood supply to the sigmoid colon?

A

sigmoidal arteries from the inferior mesenteric artery

30
Q

Which vein drains the ascending and transverse colon?

A

superior mesenteric vein

31
Q

Which vein drains the descending and sigmoid colon?

A

inferior mesenteric vein

32
Q

Which parts of the small intestine are mobile?

A

All but D1

33
Q

Which parts of the large intestine are mobile?

A

All but ascending and descending colon

34
Q

Which part of the GI tract has haustrations?

A

Large intestine

35
Q

Does the large intestine have villi?

A

No

36
Q

What are the three muscles of the abdominal wall?

A

External oblique
Internal oblique
Transversus abdominis

37
Q

In which direction do the fibres of external oblique run?

A

inferomedially

38
Q

In which direction do the fibres of internal oblique run?

A

superomedially

39
Q

What sheath surrounds the rectus abdominis?

A

rectus sheath.
Behind- posterior rectus sheath
Infront- anterior rectus sheath

40
Q

What is an aponeurosis?

A

a sheet like tendinous expansion

41
Q

The aponeurosis of which muscles creates the rectus sheath?

A

External oblique
Internal oblique
Transversus abdominis

42
Q

The nature of the rectus sheath is different in different areas. How are these areas divided?

A

Divided into above the arcuate line and below the arcuate line

43
Q

Above the arcuate line, what is the anterior layer of the rectus sheath comprised of?

A

The external oblique aponeurosis

Half of the internal oblique aponeurosis

44
Q

Above the arcuate line, what is the posterior layer of the rectus sheath comprised of?

A

Half the internal oblique aponeurosis

The transversus abdominis aponeurosis

45
Q

What name is given to the point of fusion of the anterior and posterior layers of the rectus sheath?

A

linear alba

46
Q

Describe the rectus sheath below the arcuate line

A

All three aponeuroses go infront of the rectus abdominis

47
Q

Below the arcuate line, what lies beneath the rectus abdominis muscle?

A

Transversalis fascia

Peritoneum

48
Q

When splitting the abdomen into 9 regions, what lines are used?

A

Midclavicular lines
Subcostal plane
Intercristal plane

49
Q

What structures does the transpyloric plane of addison cross?

A

Gallbladder
Pancreas
Pylorus
Kidneys

50
Q

At what vertebral level is the transpyloric plane of addison ?

A

L1

51
Q

What comprises the foregut?

A

pharynx
Oesophagus
Stomach
Proximal 1/2 of duodenum

52
Q

What comprises the midgut?

A 
distal 1/2 of duodenum 
jejunum 
ileum
caecum and appendix 
ascending colon
proximal 2/3rds of transverse colon
53
Q

What comprises the hindut?

A 
distal 1/3 of transverse colon
descending colon
sigmoid colon
rectum 
anal canal
54
Q

What are the three types of tongue papillae

A

filiform, fungiform and circumvallate

55
Q

Where do you find fungiform papillae?

A

sides and tip of tongue

56
Q

Where do you find circumvallate papillae?

A

In a V shape, separating the anterior 2/3 of the tongue from the posterior third

57
Q

What type of epithlium is found in the colon and rectum?

A

Simple columnar, no villi

58
Q

What type of epithelium is found in the small intestine?

A

Simple columnar, villi

59
Q

What type of epithelium is found in the stomach?

A

simple columnar

60
Q

Describe the muscle layers in the oesophagus

A

Inner- circular

Outer- longitudinal

61
Q

Describe the muscle layers of the stomach?

A 
Oblique fibres (inner)
Circular fibres (middle)
Longitundinal fibres (outermost)
62
Q

Where in the stomach are cheif and parietal cells mainly found?

A

the body

63
Q

What type of gland are only found in the duodenum?

A

brunner’s glands

64
Q

Which part of the small intestine has the most closely packed plicae circulares?

A

jejunum

GI (11 decks)

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