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ANATOMY > GI anatomy > Flashcards

GI anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

what are the three salivary glands

A

submandibular, parotid, sublingual

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2
Q

what cranial nerve controls the salivary glands

A

CN VII

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3
Q

what are the muscles of mastication

A

buccinator, temporalis, masseter

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4
Q

what CN controls the muscle movement of the tongue

A

CN12

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5
Q

describe the anatomy of the tongue

A

posterior: circumvalate papillae

anterior 2/3: fuliform papillae (dots) fungiform papillae (surface)

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6
Q

what vertebrae levels does the oesphagus run through

A

c6-t11

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7
Q

what runs along side the oesophagus.

where does it hit the hiatus?

A

left and right vagus nerve. left vagus crosses anterior and right vagus cross posterior at the hiatus (T10)

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8
Q

what does the pariteal perineum line?

A

internal surface of abdominal wall

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9
Q

what does the visceral peritoneum line?

what are the associate organs

A

abdominal viscera

stomach, liver spleen

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10
Q

what is the peritoneal cavity

A

potential space between pariteal and viscera peritoneum, contains lubricating liquid

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11
Q

what are the retroperitoneal organs

A

SAD PUCKER

superadrenal, aorta, duodenum, pancreas, ureters, colon, kidneys, oesphagus, rectum

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12
Q

what is the omentum

A

sheet of viseral peritoneum that extends from stomach and proximal part of duodenum to other organs

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13
Q

where is the greater omenteum

A

descends from greater curvature of stomach and folds up and attaches to anterior surface of transverse colon - role in immunity

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14
Q

where is the lesser omenteum

A

double layer of visceral attaches to lesser curvature to liver

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15
Q

whats the anatomy of the stomach

A

cardia (top) , fundus (muscular pacemaker), body (ruggae), pylorus- antrum- pyloric sphincter

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16
Q

what cells are in the stomach and what do they release

A

G cells: release gastrin with activates ECL cells
ECL cells release histamine
histamine activates pariteal cells to release HCL

17
Q

what are the parasympathetic components and actions in stomach

A

relaxation of smooth muscle, allow filling NO/VIP

18
Q

what are the three stages of accomadation in the stomach

A
  1. receptive: phayrnx receptors
  2. adaptive NANC fibres
  3. Feedback: pyloric sphincter
19
Q

describe the anatomy of the liver

A

anterior surface: diaphragmatic
inferior vena cava runs down middle.
left right lobe (quadrate and caudate up down)

20
Q

whats in the portal hepatis

A

hepatic plexus, vein, artery and bile duct

21
Q

what is the gall bladder anatomy

location?

A

fundus, body and neck
connects to cystic duct and joins hepatic duct to form common bile duct.
the gall bladder is temporary storage of bile produced by liver, released in response to eating. lies between the quadrate and right lobe

22
Q

whats a clinical aspects of gall bladder

A

gall stones: pain jaundice inflammation, cholestrol stones

23
Q

whats the bilinary tree

A

cystic +hepatic = common bile - meets pancreatic duct and emptires into duodenum through sphincter of oddi major duodenual papillae

24
Q

what does the spleen do?

A
  • blood filter, removes old blood cells, immune repsonse
25
Q

what are the two ligaments associated with spleen

A

splenorenal ligament

gastrosplenic

26
Q

whats the vasculature of the pancreas

A

pancreatic artery from splenic mesenteric branch.
splenic supplies tail of pancreas
superior mesenteric supplies head

27
Q

what is the omental appendices in the colon

A

fat

28
Q

what is the blood supply branches in abdominal artery (coeliac branch)

A

coeliac has 3 branches: gastric, splenic (supplies pancrease too), hepatic (cystic derives)

29
Q

what does the inferior phrenic artery supply

A

posterior oesphagus, diaphragm

30
Q

what are the 5 other branches of abdominal aorta

A

renal, gondal (pudenal), superior mesenteric (pancreas) , inferior mesenteric, adrenal

31
Q

whats the vertebrae levels of thyroid

A

c5-t1

ANATOMY (6 decks)

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