GI Anatomy - 1 Flashcards
where do aortic aneurysms commonly occur?
at the level of the IMA
where does the sigmoid colon become the rectum
around level of S3
what are rectal valves
the interior markings inside the rectum which demarcate the three lateral curves
what are the two ‘missing’ veins in the gut - where there is no equivalent vein accompanying the artery?
there is NO coeliac vein and NO gastroduodenal vein
when does the portal vein become the portal vein
once the superior mesenteric vein is joined by the splenic vein
what vertebral level does the portal vein usually start at? (where the splenic vein joins the superior mesenteric vein, near the pancreas)
L2
what is the lymphatic drainage of the rectum?
it follows the middle rectal artery to the internal iliac lymph nodes, mainly. there is an arterial supply from the IMA so there is some lymph drainage to the IM lymph node on front of aorta, but the main drainage is to the iliacs.
where does the coeliac lymph node drain to?
the cisterna chyli
what are the pre-aortic nodes?
the three lymph nodes on the front of the aorta near the origins of the CA, SMA and IMA
where is pain from appendicitis referred to?
it starts as para-umbilical then 24-48 hours later goes to right iliac fossa. it can track up right iliac fossa to subphrenic space and even refer to shoulder.
how is the liver subdivided, and what is the difference between these systems?
anatomical lobes (left and right, right also includes the quadrate and caudate lobes) and functional lobes (2, with many segments as subdivisions). The functional lobes have their own hepatic duct and venous drainage, they don’t correspond to the anatomical lobes.
