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Nursing 2610 Exam 4 > GI a > Flashcards

GI a Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Dyspepsia?

A

heartburn

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2
Q

What is Cullen’s Sign?

A

Ecchymosis around the umbilicus

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3
Q

What are the liver enzymes?

A

AST ans ALT

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4
Q

What are the pancreas enzymes?

A

Lipase and Amylase

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5
Q

Pt teaching pre-op for Upper G.I,?

A

NPO 8hr before, no analgesics for 24hr,

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6
Q

Pt teaching after upper G.I.?

A

Push fluids, stool softeners, Feces may be white and chalky for 24-72 hr.

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7
Q

EGD nursing knowledge?

A

NPO 6-8 hr before, Vitals every 15min after, remain NPO until gag reflex returns, throat discomfort for several days

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8
Q

What side is a pt positioned for an EGD?

A

On right side with firm pillow placed against lower ribs and abdomen.

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9
Q

Pt teaching for colonoscopy?

A

Prepare with good bowel prep, feeling cramping and abdominal fullness is normal, may have to repeat every 5 yrs if at risk. No bright red blood.

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10
Q

Where is the most common place to find colon cancer?

A

The sigmoid colon

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11
Q

What is the difference in primary and secondary stomatitis?

A

Primary- caused by trauma or herpes. Secondary- GI issue where acid comes up, or fungi migrates to mouth.

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12
Q

Signs and symptoms of Stomatitis?

A

Dry/painful mouth, open ulcerations

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13
Q

Nursing action for pt with Stomatitis?

A

Soft bristle toothbrush, frequent rising of mouth solution (no alcohol), every 2 hr, and twice during night shift

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14
Q

Pt teaching for pt with oral herpes?

A

Practice good hand washing

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15
Q

Pt teaching for stomatitis medications?

A

With swish and swallows remain NPO for 15-20 min, IV med is acyclovir, nystatin is antifungal

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16
Q

Difference in Leukoplakia and candidiasis?

A

Both are white patches on tongue and mouth. candidiasis is removed when scraped and leukoplakia will not scrape away. Leukoplakia is early sign of advancing HIV

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17
Q

What is erythroplakia and what is big pt teaching?

A

red lesions on oral mucosa, avoid alcohol and smoking

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18
Q

Where does basal cell carcinomas occur and common cause?

A

On the lips, exposure to sun and tanning beds

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19
Q

What is Kaposi’s Sarcoma?

A

malignant lesion arising in blood vessels, common in gums, associated with AIDS

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20
Q

What is a priority nursing diagnosis for oral disorders?

A

Ineffective airway clearance

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21
Q

Focus to prevent oral cancer?

A

Teaching controlling use of alcohol and tobacco

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22
Q

Nursing actions for oral cancer?

A

Semi Fowlers position, increase fluids to thin secretions, keep airway equipment available.

23
Q

Post op priority for oral cancer?

A

Maintaining airway patency.

24
Q

What is GERD?

A

backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus

25
Q

Common causes of GERD?

A

too high gastric volume, elevated intra-abdominal pressure, sphincter tone of LES is decreased, LES is inappropriately relaxed

26
Q

S&S for GERD?

A

Dyspepsia, regurgitation, hypersalivation, dysphagia, chronic cough, atypical chest pain, nausea, vomiting

27
Q

Nonsurgical GERD management?

A

Small frequent meals, elevate head of bed 6 inches for sleep, stop smoking and alcohol consumption, reduce weight,

28
Q

Meds for GERD?

A

Antacids- elevate pH, Histamines receptor antagonists- decrease acid production, Proton pump- inhibit gastric acid secretion, Pro-kinetic drugs- increase gastric emptying plus improve LES pressure- *short term use (Reglan)

29
Q

What are the 2 types of hiatal hernia? Which is more common? What is a hiatal hernia?

A

Sliding and Rolling. Sliding is more common.Portion of the fundus protrudes through esophageal hiatus of diaphragm into thorax

30
Q

Non surg hernia treatment?

A

Avoid eating in late evening, avoid foods which cause reflux, small frequent meals, food journals,

31
Q

Post-op surgical care?

A

Consult with surgeon before taking ANY action with NG tube, elevate head of bed 30 degrees, Notify MD if develop cold or flu with coughing

32
Q

Knowledge of esophageal tumors?

A

Caused by changes due to presence of gastric acid, Notify MD if emesis with bright blood.

33
Q

Major non-surg management of Esophageal tumor?

A

Weight Loss!!

34
Q

Pre-op teaching of esophageal tumor?

A

No smoking 2-4 weeks before

35
Q

Post-op nursing care for esophageal tumor surgery?

A

Respiratory care is HIGHEST priority, pt at risk of suffocation. HOB up 30 degrees, on vent 24-48 hrs; then cough/deep breathe every 1-2 hrs. NEVER do anything with NG tube without specific MD order.

36
Q

Common problem with diverticula?

A

trouble swallowing

37
Q

Non-surg treatment for gastritis?

A

identify and eliminate causative factor, Zantac, Maalox, Prilosec, Vit B12

38
Q

What is the triple combination therapy for H pylori?

A

PeptoBismol, Proton pump inhibitor, antibiotic

39
Q

Other therapies for gastritis?

A

stress reduction, avoid NSAIDS

40
Q

Most common site for duodenal ulcers?

A

The fWhat irst part of the duodenum

41
Q

Principal manifestation for stress ulcers?

A

bleeding caused by gastric erosion

42
Q

What are 2 emergency issues for ulcers? What should you do?

A

Hemorrhage-shock from blood loss, perforation-surgical emergency; Notify MD right away.

43
Q

Analgesics are the mainstay for PUD pain? TorF

A

False, they are not the mainstay for pain with PUD. Pain relief is achieved by eradicating H pylori.

44
Q

Pt teaching for meds for PUD?

A

Compliance; take meds exactly as you are instructed, No NSAIDs

45
Q

Management of perforation caused by PUD?

A

Immediately replacing fluids, blood and electrolytes.

46
Q

How to treat dumping syndrome?

A

Instruct pt to eat solids or liquids but not both, lie down after eating

47
Q

Post-op teaching for Gastric Carcinoma?

A

Do NOT cough and deep breath, use incentive spirometer, splint incision.

48
Q

If cardia is removed teach pt to?

A

NEVER lie flat in bed, avoid bending over to prevent nausea and vomiting

49
Q

Manning criteria with IBS?

A

Abdominal pain relieved by defecation, abdominal distention, sense of incomplete evacuation of stool, presence of mucous with stool passage

50
Q

Pt teaching for IBS?

A

Teach to avoid offending foods, high fiber when not in an exacerbation,

51
Q

Most suggestive indicator for Colorectal cancer

A

A change in bowel habits

52
Q

Sign of a small bowel obstruction?

A

profuse vomiting

53
Q

Priorities for abdominal trauma?

A

ABC’s

Nursing 2610 Exam 4 (8 decks)

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