GI

Question 1

If the patient with esophageal balloon has respiratory distress, what should you do?

Answer 1

Cut the balloon

Question 2

If the patient has liver disease, which med will remove nitrogenous materials (blood) out of the gut to prevent ammonia conversion?

Answer 2

Sorbitol

Question 3

What effect does Octreotide have? (3)

Answer 3

1) reduces abdominal blood flow
2) reduces gastric acid secretion
3) reduces GI mobility

Question 4

What effect does vasopressin have? (2)

Answer 4

1) constricts the arteriolar bed

2) decreased portal venous pressure

Question 5

JEOPARDY!!!!

Bluish discoloration around umbilicus, indicating hemhorragic pancreatitis.

Answer 5

What is Cullen’s sign ?

Question 6

JEOPARDY!!!!!

Flank discoloration indicating retroperitoneal bleeding.

Answer 6

What is Grey Turner’s sign?

Question 7

What is a life threatening complication of Small Bowel Obstruction? (Or just bowel obstruction)

Answer 7

Sequestration of fluid from the vasculature to third spaces, leading to HYPOVALEMIA

Question 8

Hand spasms in the patient with inflated blood pressure cuff is an indicator of which electrolyte being low?

Answer 8

Low calcium causes hand spasms when BP cuff is inflated (trousseau’s sign)

Question 9

Complications of acute pancreatitis?

Answer 9

Atelectasis, LLL
Left pleural effusion
B/L crackles
ARDS

Question 10

Which electrolyte imbalance will increase serum ammonia?

Answer 10

Hypokalemia

Question 11

How does increases BUN and increased serum protein and increase in lactic acidosis worsen encephalopathy?

Answer 11

Increased BUN, protein and lactic acidosis result in a breakdown of nitrogen. (Ammonia is NH3). So they will all worsen encephalopathy.

Question 12

Why should lactated ringer’s be used with caution in liver failure patients?

Answer 12

It can cause lactic acidosis because a healthy liver converts lactated ringers into bicarb. But a diseased liver will not