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Last Min Review > GI > Flashcards

GI Flashcards

1
Q

tx achalasi

A

CCB - nifedipine
nitrates
botox
dilation

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2
Q

tx mallory weiss tears

A

self-limited

possible injection of epi w/ endoscopy

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3
Q

tx esophageal stricture

A 
PPI
H2 blocker ("tidine")
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4
Q

tx GERD

A

1) H2 blocker

2) PPI

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5
Q

RF gastric adenocarcinoma

A

male
smoking
h pylori

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6
Q

dx ZE syndrome

A

secretin stimulation test
fastin serum gastrin
tx: PPI or surgery

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7
Q

tx H pylori

A

PPI + clarithromycin + amoxicillin

PPI + pepto + tetracyclin + metronidazole

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8
Q

pyloric stenosis on barium swallow

A

string sign

railroad track sign

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9
Q

tx pyloric stenosis

A

pyloromyotomy - Ramstedt’s procedure

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10
Q

cholecystitis

A

infxn gallbladder

RUQ pain + N/V + fever

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11
Q

RF cholecystitis

A 
native american
female
obesity
diabetes
prego
crohn's
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12
Q

chlonangitis sx

A

charcot + reynolds

ERCP

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13
Q 
prodrome - anorexia/nausea/vomit
joint ache
diarrhea
fever
jandice
mild RUQ pain
A

Hep B

anti-HBc = acute infxn

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14
Q

single stranded RNA
prodrome sames as hep B
jaundice

A

PCR for HCV RNA
HCV antibody
tx: interferon alpha, pegylated interferon, ribavirin

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15
Q

tx hep D

A

peginterferon

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16
Q

fibrosis/scarring of liver

macrocytic anemia, increased PT

A

cirrhosis
tx: folate, iron
FFP for bleeding
fluids/Na for ascites

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17
Q

80 cases assoc w/ cirrhosis
cachexia
sudden ascites
deterioration of a pt w/ cirrhosis who has been stable

A

liver CA
CT/MRI + contrast
monitor: AFP + US

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18
Q

Ranson criteria

A 
55 y/o
WBC > 16000
LDH > 350
AST > 250
glucose > 200
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19
Q

RF pancreatitis

A

gallstones
etoh abuse
autoimmune
trauma

20
Q

test for dx pancreatis

A

CT

21
Q

pancreatic CA

A

MC adenocarcinoma
steatorrhea
whipple procedure = pancreaticoduodenectomy + gastro-jejuostomy + chlecystojejunostomy

22
Q

psoas vs obturator

A 
psoas = pain w/ right hip flexion or passive extension
obturator = pain w/ flexion + internal rotation
23
Q

cramping + bloating
diarrhea/constipation
dermatitis herpetiformis

A

celiac

anti-tTG, IgA

24
Q

mild to moderate divericulitis tx

A

clear liquids

flagyl, cipro, augmentin

25
Q

colonoscopy + bx = cobblestone and skip lesions (transmural inflammation)

A

crohn’s

tx: 5 ASA, steroids

26
Q

limited to mucosa/submucosa
bloody diarrhea
high risk colon CA

A

ulcerative colitis
tx: sulfasalazine (5-ASA), steroids
protocolectomy

27
Q 
colicky abdominal pain
child holding knees to chest
pallor
lethargy
currant jelly stool
A

intussusception
FOBT +
sausage shaped mass
tx: air contrast enema

28
Q

target sign US

A

intussusception

29
Q

parts of Hesselbach’s triangle

A

inferior epigastric artery, inguinal canal, rectus muscle

30
Q

hypogonadism + MCP arthropathy
heart failure
bronze diabetes

A

high serum iron, low trasferrin
transferrin saturation > 45%
tx: weekly phlebotomy, deferoxamine

31
Q

complications hermochromatosis

A

cirrhosis + hepatocellular CA

32
Q

wilsons
low ceruloplasmin
tx?

A

penicillamine

avoid shellfish, liver, legumes

33
Q

CT “chain of lakes”

A

chronic pancreatitis

34
Q

pancreatic CA

A 
hx smoking, chronic pancreatitis
adenocarcinoma of the head
CA 19-9
CT scan + contrast
whipple procedure
35
Q

sudden, intermittent painless rectal bleeding in child < 2

A

meckel’s diverticulum
MC congenital abnormality of small intestine
technetium 99m scan = ectopic gastric tissue
tx: surgery

36
Q

meckel’s rule of 2s

A 
MC kids < 2
affect 2% population
2x more common M
has 2 types tissue - pancreatic and gastric
found 2 i w/in ileocecal valve
37
Q

failure to pass meconium w/in 48H
bilious vomit, FTT
explosive poops after rectal exam

A

Hirschsprung
dx - barium enema = narrow distal colon w/ proximal dilation
definitive dx: rectal bx
tx: surgery colostomy + pull thru procedure

38
Q

rectal bx of Hirschsprung

A

lack of:
myeneteric (Auerbach’s plexus)
submucosal (Meissner’s plexus)

39
Q

1st mon life + bilious emesis
blood/mucus stool
AXR = bird-beak

A

volvulus + malrotation

tx: NG tube decompression, fluids, surgery

40
Q

study of choice vovulus + malrotation

A

upper GI = abnormal location ligament of Treitz

41
Q

what abnormality is Hirshsprung assoc w/

A

Down syndrome

42
Q

tumor marker colon CA

A

CEA

43
Q

MC place anal fissures

A

posterior midline

44
Q

tx hemorrhoids

A

fiber, fluids, sitz

sclerotherapy, rubber band ligation, electrocoagulation, surgery

45
Q

study choice hernia

A

CT

Last Min Review (7 decks)

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