GI

Question 1

Most common causes 1) H. Pylori, 2) NSAIDS, ETOH, Stress, autoimmune –> disruption in protect factors -Sx: Dyspepsia, abd pain, asymptomatic to upper GI bleed sx, n/v, anorexia Dx: Enoscoppy, breath, stool h. pylori

Answer 1

Gastritis

Question 2

H. pylori most common cause Sx: Abdominal pain (often radiating to back), gastric ulcer worse with food, duodenal ulcer improves with food, dyspepsia, nausea Dx: endoscopy, serum, stool, breath antibody test Tx: PPI+clarithro+azithro (or metronidazole)

Answer 2

Peptic ulcer Dz

Question 3

Inflammation of small bowel d/t gluten Sx: can be very variable: diarrhea, steatorrhea, decreased in weight, flatulence, weakness, distention Dx: Antibody serum test. Biopsy for for confirm. Tx: Kick the gluten

Answer 3

Celiac

Question 4

MC asymptomatic Biliary colic, RUQ pain, usually after eating, referral to right shoulder FFFF

Answer 4

Cholelithiasis

Question 5

-Functional disorder with combo of 1)altered motility, 2) hypersensitivity to distention 3) psychological distress -Most common cause of recurrent abd pain -Abd Pain–>diffuse or hypogastric of LLQ -Dyspepsia–>worse with food, better with BM -Change in stool frequency. Alternating constipation/diarrhea -Tx: Pyschological reassurance, trigger avoidance, fiber, bulking agents, antispasmatoics

Answer 5

IBS

Question 6

Most commonly caused by E. Coli, Shigella, Campylobacter Prophylaxis not recom. unless IBD or immcompromised. Tx: Loperimide (unless fever >39), rehydration, fluorquinolonce

Answer 6

Traveler’s diarrhea

Question 7

Mechanical/functional abnormality results in back flow of gastric juices Heart burn, hoarseness, cough, hiccups Tx: Lifestyle mod, antacids,

Answer 7

Esophagitis/GERD/Infx (rare)

Question 8

Loperamide (immodium)

Diphenoxilate (Lomotil)

Answer 8

Anti-peristaltics

Question 9

Kaolin

Pectin

Answer 9

Absorbants

Question 10

Docusate

Answer 10

Softener

Question 11

Mineral Oil

Glycerin

Answer 11

Lubricant

Question 12

Milk of Mg

Mg Citrate

Polyethyln glycol

Answer 12

Osmotic Agents

Draw water into bowel, increase in disstention, increase in peristalsis

Question 13

Prochlorperazine (compazine)

Answer 13

Blocks Dopamine Receptors

Do not use with ACE, BB, SSRIs

Question 14

Dronabinol (marinol)

Answer 14

Synthetic cannabis

Question 15

Metoclopramide (Reglan)

Answer 15

Increases gastric emptying

Question 16

Ondansetron (Zofran)

Answer 16

Selective seratonin antagonist

Blocks vegus n.

S/e: prolonged QT

Question 17

Promethazine (Phenergen)

Answer 17

Anti-Ach properties