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CPD Vocab II > GI 3 > Flashcards

GI 3 Flashcards

0
Q

Ischemic cholangiopathy

A

Iatrogenic, post liver transplant, cholecystectomy, radiation therapy

Sxs: Pruritis, pale stool

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1
Q

Primary biliary cirrhosis pt sx picture

A

Middle age, female, unexplained pruritis, fatigue, RUQ pain, jaundice

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2
Q

Ddx ascites

A

RCHF, portal hypertension, alcoholic hepatitis, cirrhosis, hepatovenous occlusive disorder, constrictive pericarditis

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3
Q

Eclampsia

A

Super high blood pressure during pregnancy

*can cause hepatic artery occlusion

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4
Q

Budd-Chiari syndrome

A

Obstruction of hepatic venous outflow..caused by hypercoaguable states

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5
Q

Portland hypertension

A

Cause: cirrhosis, schistosomiasis

Sxs: asx, esophageal hemorrhage–>hematemesis

PE: ascites, caput medusae, may be jaundice or spider angioma

US or CT

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6
Q

Portal system encephalopathy

A

Caused by diseased liver that cannot properly deal with drugs/toxins

Sxs: apraxia, asterixis

Labs: CMP, EEG

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7
Q

Apraxia

A

Cannot process steps or commands

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8
Q

Asterixis

A

Arms outstretched, wrists dorsiflexed…“liver flap”

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9
Q

Hepatocellular carcinoma

A

Most common primary liver cancer.

Risk factors: HBV, HCV, hemochromatosis, alcoholic cirrhosis

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10
Q

The work up to do for gallbladder stuff

A

Ultrasound!

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11
Q

Cholelithiasis

A

Common, esp cholesterol stones seen w hyperlipidemia, SAD diets, obesity, diabetes

Risk factors: female, fat, forth, fertile, family hx

Sxs: asx! May have RUQ pain, 15 min-1 hr for up to 6-12 hrs

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12
Q

Acute cholecystitis

A

Inflammation, dt stone in cystic duct

Sxs: pain like biliary colic but >6hrs

PE: right sub costal tenderness, + Murphys sign, fever

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13
Q

Chronic cholecystitis

A

Longstanding inflammation due to stones…calcification –> porcelain gallbladder

Recurrent biliary colic, upper abdominal tenderness, afebrile

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14
Q

Choledocholithiasis

A

Stones that form in the bile ducts.
May be asx, biliary colic if duct is partially obstructed
Can –> cholangitis or gallstone pancreatitis

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15
Q

Acute Cholangitis

A

Emergency! Bile duct obstruction lets bacteria ascend from duodenum
Sxs: Charcot’s triad: abdominal pain, jaundice, fever/chills

PE: RUQ tenderness, liver tender/big, confusion/hypotension=bad sign!

16
Q

Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis

A

Intrahepatic brown stone formation –> obstruction, infection, inflammation

Under nutrition and parasites increase susceptibility

17
Q

Both Choledocholithiasis and cholangitis

A

Labs: elev bilirubin, alk phos, ALT, GG

Acute indicated if leukocytosis, AST and ALT high (hepatic necrosis due to micro abscesses)

18
Q

Sclerosing cholangitis

A

Assoc with IBD (ulcerative colitis). May be autoimmune.

Sxs: Progressive fatigue, pruritis, jaundice, steatorrhea

Labs: elevated alk phos and GGT, antimitochondrial Ab negative

19
Q

Cholangiocarcinoma

A

Complication of primary scleorising cholangitis.

Sxs: pruritis, obstructive jaundice, abdominal pain, anorexia, wt loss

+Courvoisier sign

20
Q

DDX RUQ

A

Hepatitis, cholecystitis, cholangitis, Buud-Chiari, pancreatitis

21
Q

Epigastric pain DDX

A

GERD, gastritis, peptic ulcer dz, pancreatitis, MI, ruptured aortic aneurysm

22
Q

LUQ pain DDX

A

Spleen infarct, gastritis, pancreatitis, hiatal hernia

23
Q

Right flank pain DDX

A

Kidney inflammation, pyelonephritis

24
Q

Periumbilical pain DDX

A

Early appendicitis, gastroenteritis, bowel obstruction, peritonitis

25
Q

Left flank pain DDX

A

Kidney inflammation, pyelonephritis

26
Q

RLQ pain DDX

A

Appendicitis, IBD, cecal diverticulitis, inguinal hernia, nephrolithiasis, ovarian cyst, ectopic pregnancy, testicular or epididymal inflammation

27
Q

Suprapubic pain DDX

A

Cystitis, acute urinary retention, uterine cramps, PID, acute prostatitis

28
Q

LLQ pain DDX

A

Diverticulitis, IBD, IBS, nephrolithiasis, ovarian cyst, testicular inflammation, ectopic pregnancy

29
Q

Diffuse abdominal pain

A

Appendicitis, gastroenteritis, intestinal obstruction, mesenteric ischemia, peritonitis, IBS

30
Q

Diarrhea complications

A
  1. Dehydration–number 1 cause of morbidity and mortality
  2. Failure to thrive/malnutrition
  3. Abdominal pain
  4. Borborygmus
  5. Perianal erythema
31
Q

Constipation red flags

A

Abdominal distention, vomiting, blood in stool, weight loss, worsening sxs

32
Q

Gas red flags

A

Weight loss, blood in stool

33
Q

GI bleeding causes

A

Small bowel: angioma, AV malformation, tumors, Merkels diverticulum

Colon/anus: anal fissure, colitis, carcinoma, polyps, diverticular dz, IBD, hemorrhoids

34
Q

Dyschezia

A

Difficulty evacuating. Feel urge but cannot due to discoordination. Hypotonia, prolapse.

35
Q

Labs to run for lower GI

A

Stool examination; Ova and parasites x3; stool culture; hemoccult; comprehensive digestive stool analysis (markers for digestion, absorptiom, metabolism); salivary IgA

36
Q

Procedures for lower GI

A 
Anoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy
Abdominal X-ray 
CT and MRI
Barium rectal injection

CPD Vocab II (9 decks)

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