GI 3 Flashcards
gram negative faculative anaerobe
comma curved shape
free living in water
require sodium chloride for growth
vibrio spp.
severe watery diarrhea “rice water”
vibrio cholerae
immunity to cholera
associated to the O antigen
cholera pathogenesis
toxin co-regulated pilus and AB cholera toxin which activates adenylate cylcase –> diarrhea without cell damage
treatment of cholera
rehydration therapy IV and oral
explosive watery diarrhea, nasuea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, low grade fever
vibrio parahaemolyticus
virulence of vibrio parahaemolyticus
kanagawa hemolysin (induces chloride secretion thus watery diarrhea)
associated with consumption of raw shellfish
vibrio parahaemolyticus
bacterial gastroenteritis in Japan and southeast asia
vibrio parahaemolyticus
gram negative coccobacilli
- fever, abdominal cramps, watery-> bloody diarrhea
- improperly cook pork
yersinia enterocolitica
pathogenesis of yersinia enterocolitica
- binds and invade Mcells in terminal ileum
- involves T3SS and injection of Yops
- heat stable enterotoxin
gram positive anaerobe, non-invasive, spore forming
clostridium difficile
CDAD, psuedomembrane colitis, fulminant colitis with toxic megacolon
associated with hospitals
clostridium difficile
pathogenesis clostridium difficile
toxin AB disrupts host cell cytoskeleton –> diarrhea
treatment clostridium difficile
oral vancomycin or metronidazole
prevention clostridium difficile
fecal transplant
risk for people in hospital on broad spectrum antibiotics
clostridium difficile
gram negative, faculative anerobe, non-invasive
EHEC
associated with hamburger and vegetables
EHEC
EHEC stands for
enterohemorrhagic e. coli
bloody diarrhea
no fever, marked abdominal tenderness, HUS
EHEC
HUS –>
anemia and kidney failure (Gb3 receptor)
shiga-like toxin verotoxin pathogenesis
EHEC
blocks translation by cleaving part of the 60S subunit of the ribosome
bloody diarrhea without fever
EHEC
treatment EHEC
supportive
NO antibiotic! increases lysogenic phase and spread
gram negative rods, faultative anerobe, intracellular pathogen, dysentery
shigella
day care center
shigella
shigella species in developed countries
s. soneii
fever, malaise, watery diarrhea, abdominal cramps, tenesmus, frequent bloody and pus filled stools
dysentery
frequently feeling need to defecate
tenesmus
pathogenesis of shigella
acid resistant
- adhere and pass through M cells with T3SS injecting Ipa proteins and cytoskeletal rearrangement, phagocytosis by macrophages, escape from phagosome, then cell apoptosis
shiga toxin function
- binds host Gb3 receptor, inhibits translation
treatment shigella
rehydration
antibiotics
same as shigella but no shiga-toxin
EIEC
- e. coli obtained pathogenicity island from shigella via horizontal gene transfer
