Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy Questions > GI > Flashcards

GI Flashcards

1
Q

which is the lower most costal cartilage which is palpable

A

T10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what level does the transpyloric plane pass through? what is it the half way point between?

A

L1 vertebrae. It is half way between the umbilicus and the sternal notch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

name 4 structures lying in the transpyloric plane

A

liver, gall bladder, pylorus and hilum of the spleen.

also the head of the pancrease, and 2nd part of the duodenum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what dermatome is on the umbilicus

A

T10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the origin of the external oblique

A

posterior thoracolumbar fascia and lower ribs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

how does the external oblique insert?

A

it forms an aponeurosis with the linea albia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the origin of the internal oblique

A

posterior lumbar fascia and the iliac crest, to the lateral 2/3rds of the inguinal ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the surgical importance of the tendinous intersections on the rectus abdominis?

A

they divide the rectus abdominis muscle into portions so that in operations they can section off areas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are the contents of the rectus sheath

A

rectus abdominis, the inferior and superior epigastric arteries and veins, lymphatics and the terminal branches of the spinal nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what structures are supplied by the internal thoracic artery?

A

the anterior thoracic wall, the mammary glands (breasts) and the anterior abdominal wall down to the umbilicus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

between which bony points does the inguinal ligament run

A

the anterior superior iliac spine and the pubic tubercle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

name 2 common sites for a hernia to occur in the abdomen

A

at the umbilicus and the inguinal canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

the external iliac artery gives off a branch to…..

A

the inferior epigastric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the arcuate line

A

the line formed by the inferior aspect of the transversalis fascia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

if the patient is lying in supine position where might fluid collect

A

in the peritoneal cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the ligamentum teres a remnant of

A

the umbilical vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

which structures surround the epiploic foramen

A 
anteriorly= the free edge of the lesser omentum
posteriorly= inferior vena cava
inferiorly= duodenum
superiorly= caudate lobe of the liver
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what connects teh jejunum to the psoterior abdominal wall?

A

the small bowel mesentry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

which parts of the large bowel are intraperitoneal

A

sigmoid colon and transverse colon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what are the borders of the stomach

A

greater curve and lesser curvature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what nerve lies infront of the oesophagus (abdominal) and posteriorly?

A

left vagus is anterior and right vagus is posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what structures lie in front of the abdominal oesophagus?

A

left lobe of the liver

23
Q

blood supply of the stomach

A

from the coeliac axis, right and left epiploic arteries, (greater curvature) right and left gastric arteries (lesser curvature) and short gastrics to the fundus

24
Q

which structure passes through the diaphragm alongside the oesophagus

A

left ascending oesophageal artery

25
Q

what is the nerve supply to the stomach?

A

vagus nerve- parasympathetic,

sympathetic- greater splanchnic from T5-T9

26
Q

which structures lie infront and behind the stomach

A 
anteriorly= left lobe of the liver and abdominal wall
posteriorly= pancreas, splenic artery and vein, diaphragm
27
Q

what structure attaches the stomach to the liver

A

lesser omentum

28
Q

what is the porto-systemic anastomosis

A

where the portal system of the liver and the systemic blood systems meet

29
Q

where may merkel’s diverticulum be attached?

A

from the ilium to the umbilicus

30
Q

what structures does the root of the small gut mesentery cross

A

the aorta, inferior vena cava, right ureter and gonadal artery.

31
Q

how are arterial archades and vasa recta different in the jejenum and ilium

A

jejenum has long vasa recta and few archades

ilium has short vasa recta and more archades

32
Q

what is the innervation of the small intestine

A

the vagus nerve to messiners and auerbacks plexus (parasympathetic) and sympathetic innervation from the superior mesenteric plexus

33
Q

what 4 mechanisms ensure high surface area for absorption of nutrients

A

vili, microvili, plicae and crypts

34
Q

where is McBurney’s point?

A

1/3rds of the way between the anterior superior iliac spine and the umbilicus

35
Q

what are the main differences between the small and large intestine

A

the large intestine has haustrations (sac like folds), taenia coli and epiploicae appendicies whereas the small intestine does not!

36
Q

what is the significance of the marginal artery of Drummond?

A

ensures blood supply to both midgut and hindgut is good incase one of the mesenteric arteries occludes

37
Q

where may the tip of the vermiform appendix lie

A

in the pouch of douglas behind the caecum

38
Q

what is calots triangle, and what are its contents?

A

a triangle made up of the hepatic ducts, gall bladder and cystic duct and the liver.
it contains a lymph node

39
Q

where is the bare area of the liver

A

top right

40
Q

what is the surface markings of the fundus of the gall bladder

A

9th costal cartilage midclavicular line on the right

41
Q

what structure degenerates to form the ligamentum venosum

A

the ductus venosus which is a shunt from the hepatic artery to the inferior vena cava during foetal life

42
Q

what artery lies behind the first part of the duodenum

A

the gastrointestinal artery- can be eroded by ulcers leading to bleeding

43
Q

what is the embryological significance of the major duodenal papilla?

A

it is the junction between the foregut and midgut

44
Q

what structures open into the major duodenal papilla

A

the common bile duct and the major pancreatic duct, it is 5cm distal to the pylorus

45
Q

what is the course of the common bile duct and what does it form from?

A

It forms from the cystic duct and common hepatic ducts.

It flows posterior to the duodenum, and into the pancrease where it opens into the ampulla of Vater

46
Q

where is the sphincter of Oddi located

A

between the 2nd and 3rd parts of the duodenum, 5cm distal to the pylorus

47
Q

where does the splenic vein join the superior mesenteric vein?

A

behind the neck of the pancreas

48
Q

what is the duodenal cap

A

the first part of the duodenum just dystal to the pylorus

49
Q

how many pancreatic ducts are there

A

2 ducts- one forms dorsally and the other ventrally. Development of the bud and in rotation they fuse forming the head of the pancrease and unicate process. The superior mesenteric artery is fused between the two.

50
Q

level of transpyloric plane

A

L1

51
Q

level of subcostal plane

A

L2

52
Q

level of trantubercular plane

A

L4

53
Q

where is the spleen found?

A

behind ribs 9,10,11

Anatomy Questions (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions