Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Histology > GI > Flashcards

GI Flashcards

1
Q

What are the oral cavity, oropharynx and laryngopharynx lined by?

A

stratified squamous epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the nasal cavity and nasopharynx covered by?

A

respiratory epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the anterior 2/3 of the tongue covered by?

A

Stratified squamous epithelium, thin on ventral surface, thick and with papillae on the dorsal surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the posterior third of the tongue covered by?

A

smooth stratified squamous epithelium which, except for the circumvallate papillae, lacks papillae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What else does the posterior third of the tongue have in its submucosa?

A

substantial lymphoid aggregates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which type of papillae has no taste buds?

A

Filiform

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Does the tongue contain crypts?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe the 4 major layers of the digestive tract, starting with the lumen and going out.

A

Mucosa: 3 parts

a. Epithelium: sits on a basal lamina
b. Lamina Propria: loose connective tissue
c. Muscularis Mucosae: thin layer of smooth muscle 2. Submucosa: loose connective tissue 3. Muscularis Externa: two thick layers of smooth muscle, an inner 	circular layer and an outer longitudinal layer 4. Serosa or Adventitia: outer layer of connective tissue that either suspends the digestive tract or attaches it to other organs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When is there an abrupt change in epithelium type in the digestive tract?

A

Abrupt transition from stratified squamous epithelium of oesophagus to the columnar epithelium of the cardia of the stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the gastric “holes”?

A

gastric pits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are contained within the gastric pits?

A

1-7 gastric glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are gastric pits lined by?

A

by surface mucous cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Are the cells of the gastric gland evenly distributed?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Going down the gastric gland, what is the order of its parts?

A

Pit, isthmus, neck, base

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What part of the gland contains mostly parietal cells?

A

isthmus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What cells does the neck of the gastric gland contain?

A

mostly neck mucous cells and stem cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What cells does the base of the gastric gland contain?

A

mostly chief cells, with a few parietal cells and neuroendocrine cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are neuroendocrine cells also called?

A

enteroendocrine cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What do chief cells do?

A

secrete digestive enzymes

20
Q

What do parietal cells do?

A

Produce HCl

21
Q

What is the mucosa of the cardia of the stomach like?

A

Deep gastric pits that branch into loosely packed, tortuous glands

22
Q

What does the body of the stomach’s mucosa consist of?

A

Shallow gastric pits with long straight gastric glands

23
Q

What is the mucosa of the pylorus of the stomach like?

A

Deep gastric pits with branched, coiled gastric glands at a higher density than in the cardia

24
Q

What additional layer does the muscularis externa in the stomach contain and what is it for?

A

This layer is oblique to the usual circular and longitudinal muscle layers and is located internal to the circular layer. This layer aids the churning action of the stomach.

25
Q

When in the stomach is the the inner, circular layer of smooth muscle is markedly thickened?

A

pyloric sphincter

26
Q

What are found between the bases of adjacent villi?

A

pits ‘drilling’ downwards, the crypts of Lieberkuhn

27
Q

Which part of the small intestine is the longest?

A

ileum

28
Q

What does the duodenum contain in the submucosa?

A

Brunner’s glands

29
Q

Which part of the small intestine contains the tallest villi and where are they located?

A

located on permanent circular folds of the mucosa and submucosa, the plicae circularis.

30
Q

What is the ileum characterized by?

A

aggregations of lymphoid follicles called Peyer’s patches found in the submucosa and often extending into the lamina propria.

31
Q

Which Cells of the Small Intestinal Epithelium are the most numerous and the principle absorptive cell, and what are these like?

A

enterocytes, tall columnar cells with a brush border

32
Q

Which cells produce mucin to protect epithelium and lubricate passage of material?

A

goblet cells

33
Q

Which cells Found at the base of the crypts of Lieberkuhn, they have a defensive function?

A

paneth cells

34
Q

Which cells produce hormones that contribute to the control of secretion and motility?

A

neuroendocrine cells

35
Q

Which cells are found at the base of the crypts of Lieberkuhn and divide to replenish epithelium?

A

Stem cells

36
Q

What do Brunner’s glands in the duodenum do?

A

when stimulated by the presence of chyme they produce a thin, alkaline mucous to neutralise the chyme

37
Q

Are the plicae in the jejenum just mucosa?

A

No, submucosa too

38
Q

What are the 2 principles types of cells in the large intestine?

A

absorptive and goblet

39
Q

What do large intestine absorptive cells do?

A

For removal of salts and thereby water

40
Q

What do large intestine goblet cells do?

A

For the secretion of mucus to lubricate the colon

41
Q

How are large intestine cells arranged?

A

straight, tubular glands, referred to as crypts, that extend down to the muscularis mucosae

42
Q

in the large intestine, how is the outer, longitudinal smooth muscle found?

A

in 3 strips called teniae coli

43
Q

Is large intestine muscle distinct or continuous?

A

Neither

44
Q

What is the digestive tract’s nervous system called?

A

enteric nervous system

45
Q

Where are ganglia of the GI tract found?

A

between the 2 layers of the muscularis externa

46
Q

What is the interconnected network of fibres in the GI tract called?

A

myenteric plexus

47
Q

What network of neurons is found in the submucosa and what does it do?

A

submucosal plexus, controls the muscle of the muscularis mucosae and also helps regulate secretion in the epithelium

Histology (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions