GGintpajpp Flashcards

Question

What were important events with regions that lead to agreements of GG projects?

Answer 1

Au-EU Summit, Ministerial Forum of the Indo-Pacific region, EU-Central Asia Connectivity Conference, EU-ASEAN Summit, EU-LAC Summit

Answer 2

Created in face of COVID19 --> clear: countries not prepared --> e.g. Africa: 99% of vaccine production + 96% of medication production from abroad clear: multipolar world, dependencies are increasingly weaponised world today: à la carte world --> battle of the offer EU needs to remain geostrategic --> as geopolitics and geoecomonics are closely linked today need to diversify supply chains, ensure access to energy and raw materal, link up with emerging growth markets and enhance our political standing in the world "Emerging Markets and Developing Economis are geopolitical and geoeconomic players that should be invested in" ---> need global investment strategy that can complement EU's industrial strategy + European Green Deal --> now also linked to new Competitiveness Compass GG: engange with strategic partners with a policy mix driven by economic interest focus: large-scale infrastructure projects in renewable energy, clean tech, digital transport, CRM --> synergies and market opportunities --> strategic corridor approach

Answer 3

only 15% of SDGS on track to be achieved, post-COVID, economic crises, war, etc. some backsliding in achievements OECD estimae: yearly annual investment gap of EUR 4 trillion

Answer 4

ODA = Offical Development Assistance EU + its MS: largest provider of ODA --> 2023: 95.9bn, 42% og global ODA (e.g. USA only 26%) vs China: smaller ODA but world's largest bilateral creditor (now net debt collector) EU commits 0.7% of its GNI (Gross National Income) to ODA

Answer 5

EU's share of world economy is shrinking --> 34% in 1980 to 20% in 2022 --> prospect: 2030: only 12% Eu is a net importer of energy (2021: 55% of energy was imported) 90% of processing + refining for manufacturing-grade CRM is concentrated in China --> also biggest share in EV production, battery production --> key for twin green and digital transition --> resonse: GG --> put policy before money place economic resilience front and at the operational center

Answer 6

post-Cotonou agreement --> Nov 2023, EU, MS + 79 OCAPS (African, Carribean and Pacific States) --> modernise partnerships framework + strengthen capacity to address global challenges together implemented through regional protocols, applying partnerships to different sub-regions values og FF are aligend with Samo Agreement Samoa agreemnt provides the legal absis for EIB's operation in OACPS member countries that signed the Agreement

Answer 7

2019: EU-Central Asia Stratefy --> promote resilience, prosperity and regional cooperation GG: EU-Central Asia Ministeral in 2023, Joint Roadmap for Deepening Ties key: Trans-Caspian Corridor (connectivity) + CRM

Answer 8

GG implementation needs to be accompanied by strategic engagement at multilateral elvel --> shape international agenda EU is significant contirbutor to global funds (education, climate, health) but gets little visibility in return --> now: prioritise investments that are in line with GG

Answer 9

60% of low-income developming countries are in or high risk of debt distress GG has a nintegrated approach: investment, trade and macro-economic support GG improve debt sustainability outlook of partners by susbstituting expesnive commercial debt with hihgly concessional terms "collect more, spend better approach" 360 degree and buddget support porgrammes under GG ensure a strong focus on macroeconomic stability + debt sustainability in our relations with partner countries policy dialogue + capacity development used strategically to enhance macroeconomic stability in support of GG --> helps partners implement key reforms preventive measures: fostering a stability-oriented fiscal policy, including domestic resource mobilisation + strengthening debt management capacity --> more private investments + concessional finance help will let to market developmnet, increase productive and trade capacitites --> boost economic activity, attract foreign direct investment (FDI) --> generate tax revenue, helps raise overall debt-carrying capacity !EU is not a lender and does not participate in restructuring

Answer 10

1. max amount of EUR 53.5 bn of guratneed volumes 2. max. EUR 10 bn from Union budget for provisioning of the guarantees from the geographical pillar

Answer 11

developed in response to COIVD-19 brings together EU institutions, MS, their diplomatic network, implementing agencies, development finance institutions and banks, trade promotion and export credit agencies, EIB, EBRD closely linked to GG implementation --> join forces, pool resources, combine expertise and tools --> scale up, maximise impact, bring focus to actions + increase EU's geoeconomic + geopolitical ambitions GG investments can only reach scale + tangible and visible impact if collective action currently: more than 160 TEI at country, regional and global level goal: implementing EU strategic priorities (CRM, transport corridors, regional value chains, green hydrogen and pharmaceuitcal partnerships) vis GG (flagship) projects and linked TEIs most TEIs contribute to GG

Answer 12

30% of all UN funding (EU + MS are collectively the single largest financial contirbutor to the UN), 25% of WB capital, 33%% of IMF's assets

Answer 13

developing a more assertive and strategic approach in its international partnerships through GG: contirbute to international commitments, strengthen colaitions of like-midnded partners on key priorties --> UN, G7 G20, OECD, WBG, IMF through GG: contirbution to SDGs asn 2030 Agenda + to PGII of G7 EU plays an active role in making the UN's international system fit for purpose --> address shared challenges ---> climate change, environmental protection, pandemics, fragility and conflict, human rights upcoming key evendts 3rd LLDC, 4th FfD, World Social Summit

Answer 14

IOs are recipients of 31% of INTPA's aid UN system multilateral development banks (WBG) regional organisations and regional development banks (e.g. African Development Bank) through strategic partnerships and dialogues at global and local level --> strategic partnerships, goal: make them more efficient and structured at all levels, increase cooperation to joint work on an effective and responsive multilateralism --> GG strategy supports this collaborative approach GG. make better use of valueable resources of IOs + their experience, knolwedge, expertise top 5 most funded IOs (55% of funds): WBG, Global Fund for Aids, Tuberculosis and Malaria, EIB, UNICEF, UNDP top funded sectors (55% of funding): Governemnt and Civil Society, Prevention and Resolution, Baisc Health, Agriculture, Other Multisectors

Answer 15

first internationally agreed, universal agenda to eradicate poverty and achieve sustainable development --> 3 dimensions> economic, social, environmental GG = EU's contribution to the SDGs bring other countries closer to achieving the objecrives whilst upholding multilateralism EU's strategic interests, are compatible with the 2030 Agenda 2023 first EUVR GG> serves EU strategic interests while accelerating progress towards 20230 Agenda. not only through investments in hard infrastructure but also by supporting human development through 360 degree approach all 5 GG priorities contribute to a range of SDGs Team Europe> whole-of-government approach //| ensure that economic, social, environmental and governance dimensions are tackled combine investments in connectivity (infrastructure, energy, igital) with human development (health, education) to trigger multiplier effects

Answer 16

focus on overarching EU policy objectives of the last Commission Green Deal digital agenda sustainable growth and decent jobs migration governance peace and security human development gender equality

Answer 17

enhance delivery of the Global Gateway strategy --> fom start up to scale up result: 1. creation of investment envelopes in each regional programme to leverage private investment --> enabling to serve our needs (critical raw materials, energy, transport corridors, digital connectivity, education/skills, health, etc.) 2. creation of envelopes for "Actions in countires in complex settings" in the relevant regional programms --> where medium to long-term cooperation is not possible 3. increase funding for migration and forced displacement in the regional programmes 4. majority of country programmes are fit for purpose, small adjustments only 5. 2025-27 country allocations translate a focus on top policy priorities, including GG and migration 6. thematic programmes adjusted only to refelct MFF cuts

Answer 18

advance democracy, rule of law, universality and indivisibility of human rights and fundamental freedoms, respect of human dignity, principles of equality and solidarity, respect for principles of UN charter and international law

Answer 19

reducation and eradication of poverty further strenghtneed in 2017 European Consensus on Development

Answer 20

EFSD+ is a key tool to implement the GG and is implemented by a network of 20 Development Financial Institutions, most of them European thee Open Architecture covers 6 sectoral investment windows: 1. MSMEs 2. Connectivity 3. Natural Capital 4. Human Development 5. Sustainable Finance 6. Sustinable Cities EFSD+ EIB deicated windows> under EFSD+: EU can contirbute to EIB with an overall package of 100 bn EUR of investments to GG until 2027

Answer 21

ensure that our work in complementary and enhances sustainable development globally key approach to the achievements of SDGs + 2030 Agenda considers possible impact of EU policy choices on developing countries, ensuring that policies enhance each other and considers potential negative spill-over impacts through GG. build on SDG interlinkages and accelrate progress

Answer 22

it helps create a sound reproting and benchmarking system on the contribution of all interventions to reducting inequalities reinforce ineuqliaty reduction effect on developmnet intervetions by assessing wheether and to what extent inequaliy is considered as an objective design to benefit the bottom (poorest) 40 per cent I-0 inequality reduction is not targeted I-1 Inequality reduction is a significant objective I-2 Inequality is the principle objective

Answer 23

GG is a key geopolitical EU strategy for narrowing the global investment gap and the current limitations of ODA to reach teh SDGs, supporting global economic recovery, adn fostering green and digital transitions seeks to deliver sustainable growth and jobs by adhering to the principles and values enshrined in the 2030 Agenda for SD, Paris Agreement, Global Biodiversity Framework framework to pursue European strategic priorities in a Team Eruope approach strengthen effective and sustainable mutually beneficial investment partnerships with partner countries, key for value chains as well as EU's industiral base and its competitiveness (esp. in net-zero industries) aims to boost smar, clean, secure and sustainable links in the digital, climate, energy and transport sectors as well as to strengthen education, research and health systems implemented with high envrionmental, social and governance (ESG) stamdards

Answer 24

both hard connectivity and enabling environment, regulatory frameworks, and norms and standards inrastructure touches every aspect of human life. By investing in soft and hard infrastructure, GG supports human development

Answer 25

half of 300bn EUR is mobilised through EU budget through NDICI-GE--> innovative EFSD+ instrument supporting budgerary guarantees and bedning, deployed via the EIB and other eligible development finance institutions uses mix of financial tools --> grants, concessional loans, guarantees to de-risk private sector investments, technical assistance, policy and economic dialogue, trade and investment agreements and standardisation --> integrated investment packages --> 360 degree approach --> incl. GG key principles: clean and green, equal partnerships, democratic values and high standards, good governance, transparency, security-focused, catalytic for private sector tools: draws on set of financial tools in MFF 2021-2027: NDICI-GE, Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance III (IPA III), digital + international part of Connecting Europe Facility, Interreg and InvestEU, Horizon Europe EFSD+= financial arm of NDICI-GE --> leverage up to 135 bn EUR investments 2021-2027 up to 18bn EUR available in grant funding from EU budget EFSD+ guarantees: 40bn EUR guarantee capacity, will generate 135 bn EUR investments in GG projects of 40bn: 13 bn EUR will be available for "open archictecure" window, where pillar-assessed financial institutions can apply 18bn EUR grants - NDICI-GE 135bn expected investment mobilised by EFSD+ (70bn ERU Open Architecture, 40 bn EUR EIB, 25bn EUR EIB/ GG) 145bn EUR EU MS, EIB, EBRD, European DFIs

Answer 26

catalyst for sustainable development take forward large-scale and transformative projects --> trasport corridors, logistics, trade and other economic dimensions harness their expertise, resources and innovation to help achieve sustainable development objectives improving the access of European companies to tenders and improving the enabling environment to favour investment 1. developing public-private partnerships 2. supporting trade and investment faciliation 3. providing rechnical assistnace and skills 4. enhancing policy dialogue on business-related issues to improve the business environment and investment climate

Answer 27

reflects a paradim shift --> away from donor-recipient "from payer to player" needs of partner countries are combined with strong assessment of EU strategic interests --> position EU more prominently in a competitive world

Answer 28

gives strategic steer MS at the level of Foreign Affairs Minister EP an observer EIB, EBRD, MS development finance institutions representativs as observers

Answer 29

BAG expert group provie strategic input from private sector 60 private sector representatives (CEO level) + 10 observers (DFIs, ECAs, EIB and EBRD) work in 5 sub-groups along the lines of GG priority sectors

Answer 30

selected initatives, showcasing transformative power of GG, endorsed by Council (COREPER) provide clarity on investment priorities of EU will be delivering concreate and tangible results key: impact! 264 GG flagship projects (includes 46 additional ones endoresed by COPRER in Nov 2024, without: 138) mobilising 179 bn EUR of investment, involving all 27 MS, respective agencies, banks, private enterprises 50% are Climate and Energy 20% are Transport 13% are Digital 10% are Health 7% are Education and research geographics: 45% Sub-Saharan Africa, 19% Latin America and Caribbean, 17% Neighbourhood and Enlargement, 15% Asia and Pacifc, 2% regional or global projects

Answer 31

1, Digtial decisive driver of economic growth, innovatiion, triggering societal development, can also improve governance, increase access to services human centric digtial transformation and transition to green and digital economy COVID-19 pandemic showed importance of access to secure + trustworthy digtial infrastructure; in 2022: only 25% of Low-Income countries used internet goals: 1. tackle global digital divide 2. promote EU#s human centric approach, services, assets 3. promote secure, resilient and trusted connectivity 4. implement scale up human-centric digtial partnerships based on an integrated appraoch to digital transformation from hard to soft infrastrucute contribute to job creation, sustainable and inclusive economic growth, green transition, inequality reducation digital priorities: 1. governance 2. digital connectivity 3. skills, entrepreneurship and access to finance 4. e-services digital investment objectives: 1. inclusive expansion of digital connectivity 2. resilience and secuirty of digital connectivity 3. open, global and interoperable internet 4. contributing to "twin transition" 5. international cooperation on R&I and Green Deal connectivity infrastructure investments: submarine cables, terrestrial backbones and sattelite soultion, green and secure data centres, last-mile netowrks, data governance platforms and data centres, e-governance Digtial4Developmet Hub as a strategic platform for key stakeholders (launched Dec 2020) --> EU MS, private sector, civil society, and financial institutions of TE --> scale up investments in digital transformation of partner countries, promote comprehensive values-based rulebook for digital economy and society worldwide, fostering stronger and more strategic EU engagement in international digital partnerships global internet traffic expected to grow more than six-fold by 2030 00 --> broadband connectivtiy will become necessity in transition towards data-driven societies governance policy, open internet, regulatory frameworks access to affordable, sustainable and secure broadband connectivity andd digital infrastructures and networks, digtial literacy and skills, digital entrepreneurships and job creation deploy digital networks and infrastructures --> includes submarine and terrestrial fibre-optic cables, space-based secure communication systems, cloud and data infrastructure provides a baiss for exchange of data, cooperation in high performance computing, AI, earth observation tackle global digital divide strengthen secure and trsuted digtial connections whilst minimising environmental footprint of digital infrastructure, promoting green data centers includes standards and protocols supporting network security and resilience, interoperability, open, plural and secure internet --> ensure cybersecurity promote access to Open INternet, as key driver of innovation,socio-political, economic and cultural development offer digital economy packages --> combine infrastrucutre investments + country-level assistance -> ensuring proteciton of personal data, cybersecuirt, right to privacy, trustworthy AI, fair and open digital market --> inspiration: GDPR 10% of NDICI-GE dedicated to digital actions EU has launched 5 comprehensive Digital Economy Packages (Nigeria, Kenya, DRC; Phillippines, Colombia); priorities: secure and trusted digital infrastrucutre include secure undersea cables, backbone infrastructure, satellite imagery and data, last-mile connectivity, data governance and cybersecurity examples: BELLA programme --> submarine cables btw Latin America and EU, terrestrial backbone between South American countries --> digital highway to boost investment and research collaboration (53 mil EUR, 50% by EU) --> GG helps connection to rest of Latin American contient also important for> EU Copernicus Emergency Management Services Centeres in Panama --> climate emergencies EU-LAC Digital Alliance --> promote regulatory convergence and internaitonal cooperation in realm of data proteciton

Answer 32

framed by the EU's ambitious energy transition goals, stemming from European Green Deal, launched in 2019; EU promotes objectives of Paris Agreemtns, supports investment in clean and just energy transitions worldwide through GG partner countries seek environemntal, social and economic advantages of pursuing a sustainable economic model goals: 1. boost investments in clean energy infrastructue 2. support them to fight energy povery, bridge energy access gap 3. increases renewable energy in the energy mix 4. improves energy efficiency 1/4 of GG flagships focused on energy --> cover hydropower to renewables and green hydrogen NDICI-GE 2021-27: allocate 30% of funding to climate action affordable and reliable access to energy and raw material is prerequisist for economies to function and industries to be competitive energy sector: 70% of global greenhouse gas emissions --> key: transition to cleaner energy COP26, Glasgow Climate Pact, committment to reduce global carbon dioxide emissions by 2050 COP 27 launched TEI on "CLimate Adaptation and Resilience in Afric" with African Union partners COP28 Pledge on tripling renewable energz capcity and doubling energy efficiency by 20230 invest in both mitigation and climate resilience --> necessity for food, health, human secuirty, protection against impact of climate change + major ecomoic opportunity goal: just energy transition, diversify our clean energy supply at the same time offshore wind farms, promote energy efficienct, renewable nergy (including smart grids), just transition encompassing infrastructure investments built to standards that stimulate low or zero emmissions and supporting regulation towards clean energy and green transition, including mitigation and adaptation as well as transition includes: agri-food systems, water, sanitation and hygiene, fighting polution and ciruclar economy (including waste management and recycling) and preservation of terresterial and marine ecosystems (inclduing forestry, biodiversity and ocean) includes investments in resilient and sustainable raw materials value chains develop renewable hydrogen production, promote creation of competitive markets for hydorgen to be traded globally 2021-27: 35% of EU's external budget contributes to climate action, 10% to biodiversity protection Just Energy Transition Partnerships --> shift away from fossil fuels Forest Partnerships examples: Power to Africa --> 2.4bnEUR grants to Sub-Saharan Africa + 1.08bn EUR to North Africa to support renewable energy, energy efficiency, just transition and greening of local value chains; develop renewable hydrogen sector Africa-EU Green Energy Initative (AEGEI) --> development and integration of regional energy markets, implementation of a strong continental Africa Single Electricity Market --> TE partners mobilies 20bn EUR

Answer 33

promote sustainable connectivity across various modes of transport to support global economic growth,job creation and access to essential sevices vital role in connecting people to healthcare, education, and other essential services, highlighting its importance in fostering socio-economic development supports transition to low-carbon transport modes --> electric and hyrbid vehicles, promotes digitalisation to reduce greenhouse gas emission and improve efficiency investments in sustainable urban mobility, urban municipal services, resilience and inlusion are key transport networks are critical enabler of propserous economies and societies --> enable trade. fight against climate change, develop and introduce new digital technologies ecompassing infrastructure investments aiming at developing sustinable, smart, resiliert, inclusive and safe transport netowrks --> rail, road, ports, airports, logistics and border-crossings, urbam mobility involves "soft connectivity" --> sustainable transport agreemtns, convergence with European technical, social, environmental and competition standards reduce greenhouse gas emissions, enable diversification of supply chains --> suppor decarbonisation efforts EU: seek to build our own position as the world's global transport hub 12 transport corridors in Agrica --> strengthen Africa-EU connectivity, foster sustainable growth and jobs, advance Green Deal and human development, promote peace and security examples: Lobito Economic Corridor --> is also priorty of G7 PGII Trans-Caspian Transport Corrdior (TCTC) --> also a priority og G7 PGII provide 4.6bn EUR to enhance sustainable transport connection, for green and digital transition --> Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T) to Western Balkans, Turkey and Eastern PArtnerships, as well as Trans-Mediterranean Transport Network (TMN-T) in Southern Neighbourhood strengthen connections with strategic corridors in Sub-Saharan Africa and Central Asia, advancing the regulatory environment foster convergence with European or international technical, social, environmental and competition standards, creating level-playing field

Answer 34

pandemic has revealed weaknesses Africa: import 99% vaccines, 96% medication die from treatable conditions, including vaccine-preventable diseaeses, maternal disorders, road injuries priority: secuirty of supply chains, development of local manufacturing, diversify pharmaceutical supply chains --> promotes helath sovereignty and autonomy look for opportunities in health linked to research and digitalisatoin, support to strengthen regulatory environment for local production of medicine and medical technologies Nov 2022: EU Global Health Strategy investments aiming to strengthen global and partner countries' capacities to respond to shocks and health crises diversification of pharmaceutical supply chains, development of local manufacturing capacities. supports integration of fragmented markets, promotes research and cross-border innovation in healthcare EU has adopted a Global HEalth Strategy --> strengthen health systems, security of pharmaceutica. supply chains, development of local manufacutring through investment in infrastructure + support of regulatory environemnet --> e.g. MAV+ 1. MAV+: TEI on Manufacturing and Access to Vaccines, Medicines and Health Technologies 2bn EUR mobilised, addresses supply side (production) and demand side (ensure off -take) 360 approach: 1. industrial development, supply chains, private sector 2. market shaping, demand, trade facilitation 3. regulaotry strengthening 4. technology transfer and intellectual propert management 5. access to finance incl. for SMEs 6. R&D, higher education and skills

Answer 35

education is critical for long-term economic success focus: quality education, digital education, life-long learning key: inclusion of girls, women and other vulnerable groups invest in people and building alliances towards prosperity transform education systems and address deficits in teaching, training, learning at all levels quality of FF investments will depend on the availability of an educated, skilled and competent workfroce --> education as a transformative investment faciliate mobility of staff, students, teachers, tranees --> extended Erasmus+ programme + Horizon Europe (Erasmus+ international arm: 2021-2027 2.2bn EUR) investments in quality education, inclduing technical and vocational education and training. promotes connection, collaboration and creation of networks and communities of education and research, including Horizon Europe and Erasmus+ EU budget increase for education in international partnerships 2021-23: from 7-13% --> EU is top donor for education but also: 44% of INTPA's educatoin funding is committed to fragile context -> focus: primary education 2024: GG High-Level Event on Education --> EU signed regional and bilateral programmes worth 245 bn EUR focus of GG Education falgships: 1. equity and basic education for girls (92% of committments have targeted gender equality since 2021) 2. teacher's training 3. vocational education and training 20% of EU's exeternal budget 2021-27 dedicated to human development, social inclusion, including education and health,(NDICI-GE) Global Partnership for Education (GPE) Education Cannot Wait (ECW)

Answer 36

GG promotes consolidation of investment and trade friendly environment 1. public sector: better regulation, sound finance management and stronger and accountable institutions 2. private sector> strneghten private initative, job creation, enhance business envrionment, access to sustainable finance

Answer 37

creating an enabling environemnt for sustainable and quality investments, promoting high social, environmental and governance standards (ESG), supports climate neutrality and green and digital transition, enhances respect for HR, rule of law, non-discrimination, promotes decent work, education, gender, youth and social rights, reduction of inequalitites requires macro-economic stability implemented in Team Europe approach mobilises and combines different implementation modalitites (budgetary guarantees, blending, budget support, procurement and grants) and technical expertise, including from public sector (instruments e.g. Twinning, TAIEX), with operational tools (policy and economic dialogue, trade and investment agreements, support to conducive policy and regulatory frameworks, institutional support and technology transfers) supporting incluise and participatroy approach with level civil society actors and local authorities entails systematic application, taiolred to context of 6 key principles set out for GG, guiding its implementation 1. democratic values 2. good governance and transparency 3. equal partnreships 4. green and clean 5. security focused 6. catalysing private sector investment examples: 1. MAV+: TEI on Manufacturing and Access to Vaccines, Medicines and Health Technologies 2bn EUR mobilised, addresses supply side (production) and demand side (ensure off -take) 360 approach: 1. industrial development, supply chains, private sector 2. market shaping, demand, trade facilitation 3. regulaotry strengthening 4. technology transfer and intellectual propert management 5. access to finance incl. for SMEs 6. R&D, higher education and skills in line with Greean and Cleanr Principle, high ESG standards, seeking to use green energy sources, including waste management led in Rwanda, Senegal, South Africa, Ghana, expanding to Egypt, Nigeria

Answer 38

under overall steer of President VDL Global Gateway Board: provides strategic steer for GG strategy, VDL chairs the board, Ministers of Foreign Affairs attend, Presidents of EIB and EBRD + small number of MEPs are observers GG projects developed in Team Europe Initatives as Team Europe EU DELs play key role Businsess Advisory Group give input from private sector dialogue with civil society GG is priority for discussion in upcoming international Summits and multilateral fora Global Gateway Steering Group: EC group, whole-of-Commission appraoch, bringing together all relevant line DGs and the EEAS

Answer 39

"from start-up to scale-up"

Answer 40

"foster the sustainable economic, scoial and environmental development of developing countries, with the primary aim of eradicating poverty" --> countries that were most successful in reducing infrastructure are those that invested in infrastructure, domestic value addition, governance, human development, thereby integrating their economies into world trade and investment circuits

Answer 41

GG does not cover the full breadth of INTPA action continue to engage in conflict areas, fragile coutnries, other complex settings through tailored means EU has also developed a more comprehensive and strategic

Answer 42

Through Economic and Investment Plans also comprehensive policies in these regions: Strategic and Comprehensive Partnerships with neighbouring countries, Ukraine Facilitz, Western Balkans Reform, Growth Facility

Answer 43

GG projects implemented in Team Europe manner, currently over 160 projects in all regions

Answer 44

HR; inequalities, gender, youth, disability Action PLan on Human Rights and Democracy 2020-27 innovative Inequality Marker (I-Marker) --> shows: in 2023: 56% of actions substantially focused on reducing on inequalitites --> by 2025: 85% of external actions contirbute to gender equality (2022: 72% already) Action Plan on Gender Equality and Women's Empowerment in External Actin (GAP III) 2022: Youth Action Plan in External Actino

Answer 45

Port Cotonou -_> one of most important maritime hubs in West Africa, located between Lome + Lagosm very strategic since 2018: managed by Port of Antwerp Bruges International--> goal: turn it into a port of excellence in terms of logistics and digitalisation Team Europe: 200mil EUR to upgrade facility --> simplification and modernisation of customs process, investment in governance and competitiveness, support to construction of new fishing terminal Green hyrdogen in Namibia Namibia is home to major wind and solar energy resources , substantial depoistis of rare earth and other minerals 2022 EU-Africa strategic partnerships on sustainable raw materials value chains and renewable hydrogen Team Europe: 7 Green Hydrogen projects identified, potential investment 20bn EUR EU supports National Green Hydrogen Programme, focus on regulatory alignment, capacity building, skills development Regionals Teachers Initative launched in 2023, Team Europe, AU, UNESCO --> more competent, motivated, and inclsuive teacher workforce, offering quality learning Youth Mobility for Africa --> Eramus+ Medusa Flagship --> underwater cablin in the MEditerranean to conenct North Africa with EU , extension to West Africa is envisaged --> 40 mil EUR grant from EIB MAV+: TEI on Manufacturing and Access to Vaccines, Medicines and Health Technologies 2bn EUR mobilised, addresses supply side (production) and demand side (ensure off -take) 360 approach: 1. industrial development, supply chains, private sector 2. market shaping, demand, trade facilitation 3. regulaotry strengthening 4. technology transfer and intellectual propert management 5. access to finance incl. for SMEs 6. R&D, higher education and skills

Answer 46

Asia is becoming the centre of global economy 10bn EUR GG investment package for Southeast Asian Nations EU-Central Asia Strategy EU-Central Asia Roadmap for Deepening Ties EU-Strategy for Cooperation in the Indo-Pacific bilaterlas: KAzakhstan and Uzbekistan: Memoranda of Understanding on critical raw materials EU-INdia Connectivity Partnership Eu-INdia Trade and Technology Council bilat TEIs GG flagship South Asia Enegry Connectivity EU-Pacific Green-Blue Aliance

Answer 47

GG agenda in Central Asia: 2 regional TEIS on water, energy, climate change and on digital connectivity TEI on water, energy, climate change supports sustainable and just green transition in Central Asia (incldues development of Rogun Dam hydro-power plant) TEI on digital connectivity in central Asia: provide sustainable and inclusive connectivity using lteast available satellite technology and providing technical assistance --> highest international standards for digital governance, including personal data protection and cybersecurity advancing cooperation on CRMs --> Memoranda of Understanding with Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan --> increase resilience of CRM supply chains, harmonise regulaotry framewokr in CRM industry, achieve mutual recognition of proudct wuality --> reach resources 6 EUropean expertise in advanced CRM mining, processing, recycling = solid base for stronger partnership within framework of Critical Raw Materials Act Trans-Caspian Transport Corridor (TCTC) modern, competitive and efficient route connectin Europe and Asia in no more than 15 days strengthen role of Central Asia as connectivity hub + foster economic cooperation, regional integration among 5 Central Asian countries, connecting the region with Europe EIB + EBRD already pleged 1.5bn EUR each ; necessary amunt: 18,5bn EUR (made up of 40 hard and soft infrastructure projects) Jan 2024: EU-Central Asia Transport Investors Forum, committed EUR 10bn for sustainable transport connectivity in Central Asia BELLA programme --> submarine cables btw Latin America and EU, terrestrial backbone between South American countries --> digital highway to boost investment and research collaboration (53 mil EUR, 50% by EU) --> GG helps connection to rest of Latin American contient Digital transformations in Philippines: Copernicus Programme --> EU's first Earth Observation programme for disaster risk manamgenet in South-East Asia; involves establishment of data centre hub, hosten by Philippines Space Agency improve environmental managmeent and mitigate effects of climate change + Digital Economy Pack --> TE: upgrade Philippines connectivity infrastructure to better access Copernicus data. provide capacity building on cybersecurity and 5G roll-out, finance scholarships, facilitate technical exchanges GGflagship South Asia Energy Connectivity --> energy projects in Bangladesh, Bhutan, India and Nepal -->development of regional energy market, focus on intra-regional generation and flow of renewable enegry, increasing energy security in SOuth Asia

Answer 48

partners of choice EU is leading investor in the region and its 3rd external trading partner EU makes contribution to job creation, sustainable growth, supporting industrialisation and local value addition essential partner for Europe's strategic autonomy global value chians (e.g. host 60% of identified global lithium reserves) --_> need capital, technology, training and standards to close the investment gap promote joint value chians will foster innovation based on shared technology, create local added value and generate growth, jobs and social cohesion promote green, digital and fair transition --> CELAC has potential: biodiversity, nautral resources, renewable energy, green hydrogen, agricultural production, strategic critical raw materials EU-CELAC Summit 2023 EU-LAC GG Investment Agenda (GGIA) commit 45 bn EUR of investment to the region by 2027 >130 projects in renewable energz and hyrodgen, ocean and forest conservation, critical raw materials, digital transition, health resilience, education and transport infrastructure. 4 pillars: 1. fair green transition 2. inclsuive digital transformation 3. human development 4. health resilience and vaccines Carribbean: 3 strategic partnerships 1. environmental sustainablity 2. economic resilience and trade 3. governance, security, human development EU-LAC Digital Alliance: extension of BELLA cables + creation of two Copernicus centres LAC-Health Resilience Initative support development of local medicines and vaccine manufacutring and health systems resilience, including regulatory frameworks LAC-Global Green Bonds Initative development of green bond market in LAC EU programme "Inclusive Societies" for Latin America an Caribbean, tackle inequalites, reduce poverty, and enhance soical inclusion and cohesion in the countries in the region --> 60 mil EUR from EU budget

Answer 49

EU-LAC Global Gateway Investment Agenda : TEI aiming to reduce the demage of the Sargassmus alga in the Caribbean Basin --> damage critical coastal ecosystems, human health, coastal activites, major economic sectors __> intersect with PGII project + integrate into the cricular economy (cosmetics, fertilisers, biomass) includes research, policy and normative framework, knowledge sharing, monitoring and forecasting, facilitation of private sector investment, public investment other: Brazil: telecom networks in Amazon region, Chile; TEI on Green Hydrogen, Costa Rica: electrification of public transport, Paraguay: upgrade electricity network, Panama: universal access to energy, Jamaica: deployment of 5G to reach island-wide braodband access, Colombia: construction of metro line

Answer 50

reliable hydrogen supply chains develop international hydrogen --> essential for Green Deal! types of investments: green iron and steel, fertiliser and fuels exports: shipping and hydrogen pipline energy system: H2 as battery Memorandum of UNderstanding: Egypt, Morocco, Ukraine, Japan, Namibia, Norway, Uruguay, Argentina, Kazakhstan GG flagships: Barbados: Electricy storage Trinidad and Tobago: fertiliser South Africa and Namibia: GH2 investment platform BRazil: port infrastructure including GH2 readiness goals: 1, enable institutional environemtn to deliver infrastrucutre 2. build capacity and develop skills of the workforce 3. facilitate investment and business cooperation 4. support cooperation and research in higher education potential toal envelope: 225 mil EUR

Answer 51

focus: Afirca GG: focus on limited number of strategic corridords --> higher impact + quality Green Deal: supporting cleaner and more efficient corridors by promoting multi-modality and climate ambitions --> reduce environmental impacts + create climate-resilient infrastructure 12 Strategic Corridors in Africa key: Lobito-Lubumbashi/Solwezi-Nodla --> railm road, waterway 5 out of 11 corridors are also mineral resource corridors as almost 50% of mining properties fall inside them Central Asia: also corridors potential development of corridors: from transport corridor>logistics corridor>trade corridor>economic corridor>growth corridor

Answer 52

European Critical Raw Materials Act --> ensure secure and sustainable supply of critical raw materials for the EU 1. Strengthen all stages of European CRM value chain 2. improve capacity to monitor and mitigate risks of disruption to CRM supply 3. diversify EU CRM imports to reduce strategic dependencies 4. imrpove CRM circularity and sustainabilty --> GG contributes to this aim to support partner conutries in developing raw matierals value chain locally support local value addition hard + soft measures (capcity building, skills, regulaotry envrionemtn) boost + leverage private sector investment projects along enitre raw materail value chain

Answer 53

Lobito corridor connects Lobito port in Angola with Katanga prvince in DRC and Copperbelt in Zambia big transformational multi-country projects build on development aspirations from our partner countries is also a priority of G7 PGII --> USA + EU co-lead first open-access transcontientail rail link in Africa, potential to unlick the region's enourmous potential, enhance export possibilites, promote regional integration

Answer 54

establishment of transprot corridor to establish modern, competitive and efficient route connecting Europe and Asia in no more than 15 days EU's contribution to G7 PGII

Answer 55

innovative instrument to mobilse private finance at scale, used for GG 40bn EUR EFSD+ guarantee programme

Answer 56

key to leave no one behind principle of good governance and transparency of GG: means that those most affected by potential investment projects will have a seat at the table through comprehensive and meaningful public consultations with civil society Global Gateway Civil Society and Local Authorities Advisory platform --> space for exchange on GG rollout at country level: EU DELs in contact with CSOs for TEI consultation example: TEI on democracy (Team Europe Democracy) example of CSO + local authorities being closely involved in TE work

Answer 57

equal partnerships = one of key principles (see 6 principles) GG aims to forge links, not create dependencies projects: inclusive, transparent, promote good governance, respect international norms and standards, ensure highest environmental, financial, social, labour and management standards EU offers solid financial conditions, bringing grnats + concessional loans, budgetary guarantees to reduce investments risks, improve debt sustainability

Answer 58

GG investments are in line with strategic framewokrs set at Summits and other high-level events e.g. EU-AU Summit, EU-Central Asia Economic Forum, Eu-ASEAN Summit, Indo-Pacific Minsiteral Forums, EU-CELACS Summit, Western Balkan Summit, etc. specific GG INVestments Agenda(GGIA) exist for certain regions

Answer 59

build strong + transparent partnerships in priority sectors for our partners and the EU --> both hard + soft infrastrucute, 360 degree approach to best serve local communities' interests and needs mutually benefical --> access for EU + support development of local processing and refining capacities further: enhance investment climate, promote regulatory reforms, boost capacity-building, key: leads to local value addittion --> build local industries + move up the value chain

Answer 60

BioNTech vaccine manufacturing in Rwanda part of MAV+ (total regional TEI: 1bn EUR) for Rwanda: TE mobilised 22 mil EUR BioNTech involvemenet in Senegal and Rwnada, Moderna in Kenya, J&J in South Africa under MAV+ EU-Namibia partnership on sustainable raw materials value chians and renewable hydrogen --> Memorandum of Understanding in 2022 --> 7 projects in pipeline promoted by EU companie s

Answer 61

GGIA= key political outcome of the EU-CELAC summit of 2023 common commitment to creating links btw the regions, address common global challenges, achieve the SDGs address investment gaps in line with EU + CELAC priorties

Answer 62

agreed EU-ASEAN Summit 2022, 10bn EUR, Green Transition and Sustinable Connectivit GG flagship TEI

Answer 63

EU takes multifacted appraoch to China -- cooperation and negotiation partner, competition, systemic rival shared interest in pursuing constructive and stable relations, anchored in respect of rules-based international order, balanced engagement, reciprocity need to de-rsik our relations --> EU must ensure a level playing field and fairer competition --> EU: needs to reduce crticial dependencies and vulnerabilites, including its supply chians, de-risk and diversify where necessary work together on global issues e.g. climate change, environment, biodiversity, debt sustainability, global health --> SDGs, 2030 Agnda, Paris Agreement CHina = world's largest bilateral creditor EU + EU MS = world's largest donor China: growing appetite to shape global institution to better suit its strategic priorities

Answer 64

not directed against anyone EU offers solid financial conditions for partners to reduce investment risks and improve debt sustainability co-existance of BRI and GG allows countries to choose btw models based on their developmetn needs and risk tolerance

Answer 65

companies based in develpoming countries that are members of G20 (India, HCina, Brazil) ofte not eligable to contrubte to EU-fundend projecty, same for indirect management however: Eu funds indirectly managed by pillar-assessed partners like EIB, MS organisation, international organisation, projects are subject to those partners's procurmenet rules --> China may be eligible to bid in a tender managed or superviesd by pillar-assess partners EU procurement rules cover issue of abonrally low tenders + work on strengthen our internal guidance, reflecting on enhancing the use of quality standarsds --> need a more forceful appraoch to strategic procurement to foster a level playing field for EU companies in context of GG all our funding requires implemneting partners to respect HR

Answer 66

huge financial and political pressure on UN and other international organisation --> end US AID, withdrawl from WHO and Paris Agreement, America-first foreign policy doctrine, 90 day freeze on US foreign aid) renewed political and financial strains on international oganisation stress test for rules-based internaitonal order FfD Conference will be key! financial gap could be opportunity for CHina --> other actors can step up their presence in key organisations GG emerged as the right approach in these challening times of profoud geo-political tension and increased pressure on our development cooperation resources major tarrifs on Canada, 25% Mexico 25%, China additonal 10% potentially also coming for EU Trumpo on EU: hostile trade actor, hotbed of socialist ideas , not psending enough on defence, drag on US resources, overregulate strangling EU economy and threaten US companies EU is overregulating criticsm DSA, DMA US= largest single donor of humanitarian assistanc globally --> cut will be evident, close US Aid terminating funding, unclear what will happen to UN --> Trump: transactional appraoch to foreign policy --> chalenge rule of law, humanitarian values imapcts on: trade and economic relations, Nato and defense spending, climate change and environemtnal policy, immigration and refugees, geoloticial relations

Answer 67

MAV+ Lobito Corridor Medusa Cable --> largest submarine high-capcity optical-fibre acble initaitve in the meditarream CRM in Namibia, green hyrdogen in Chile, Philippine digtial flagship Philippine digital flaship as part of the EU copernicus global programme Trans-Caspian Transport corridor Rogum Hydropower Plant in Tajikistan

Answer 68

stimulating inclusive growth --> bost developing countries + trade with EU inssues affecting everybody are tackled --> cost-efficient promote internaitonal vlaues + principles --> Hr, democracy, rule of law, gender equality, women empowerment strenghen EU + increase its visibility

Answer 69

2030 agenda + SDGS Paris Agreement Addis Ababa Action Agenda --> new global framework for financing sustainable development , foundation of 2030 Agenda 2017 European Consesnus on Development --> EU response to 2030 Agenda

Answer 70

youth gender equality mobility and migration sustinable energy and climate change investment and trade

Answer 71

introduced in Dec 2019 comprehensive set of policy initatives includes European Cliamte law --> enshrines 2050 climate neutrality yo get itno law Fit for 55 Package: aim reduce greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55% by 2030 goals 1. 2050 net zero greenhouse gas emisisons 2. Clean energy transition --> increase share of renewable energy, phase out oil coal, gas 3. sustinabale industry --> greener porudcts and porcesses, circular economy and less poluting 4. sustinable mobility --> encourage development of green, enrgy efficinet transport, including EVs, alternative fuels 5. biodiversity protection challenges: 1. ecnomic transformation --> shift business model 2. investment --> needs signifianct amounts, target 1 trillion EU China is world's largest emitter of greenhouse gases 3. international cooperation --> trade, energy policies, access to CRM

Answer 72

build digtial infrastructure digtial skills and literacy innovation and digital entrepreneurship secure and ethical digtial environment challenges: digitla divide, data privacy and security ,sustianble digital transformation, potential of increased monopolies, impact on traditional industries and jobs, regulaotry burden, esp onSMEs key polices: DSA, DMA, AI Act

Answer 73

EU is struggling to ocunter China's growing influence around the world China is more agile EU: complex beauracracy, environemtnatal and social conditions attached to fundinf 2013-2023: BRI invested 1tirllion EUR in 152 countries ! annual funding dropped after several borrowers defaulting on replayment began rising in 2020 --> BRI created dependicies on China EU as alternative --> make countries resilient, self-relient, independent

Answer 74

stronger Europe in the world mutlilateralism and rules-based global order, strong, open and fair trade agenda, ensure highest standards of climate, environemnt and labour protection, wokring shoulder-to-shoulder with neighbouring countries and partners coordinated appraoch to external action more active role and stronger voice for EU in the world

Answer 75

further countribute to mission of EC enthusiastic of European Union + global scale Europe is stronger together, united Europe is our future, I want contributed keen interest in INTPA also like to know other areas of EC --> trade, echo academic background --> profile fits enjoy work environment drive + commitmtent to EU interest in learning opportunities --> up for the challenge step-up in responsibilities

Answer 76

multlilingual background strong believer in Eruoprean mission for Eu +world -- see for Slovakia, Germany, see it for world, GG, multilateralis Academic background global studies> process of globalisation --> economic, social, political sicences, focus on European persepctive and how the EU contirbutes to these processes I want to contirbute to working together focus how economic, social and enviornmnetal upgrading leads to devleopment in countries --> e.g. Sri Lanka, China --> relevant for GG multifacted profile --> can work in various DGs ! wrorked in INTPA for 2 years now --> contirbution to durvey, strategic oreitnation in engagmenet with multilaterals, preparation files for Cssr theorteical know-how + experience pro-active, efficient in my work good in working in team, follow instructions, meet DDL ,digtial skills goal-oriented working , future-oriented

Answer 77

organised, reliable, enthusiastic, motivated, empathetic, team spirit, cooperative, digital skills, flexible and adaptable efficienct and effective, committed, creative, goal-oriented, pro-active organised --> survey, answers for Cssr flexible and adaptable weaknesses detail-orietation --> through planning, DDLs, larger picture, imposter syndrome can be more confident --> work on assertiveness --> learned this over the last 2 years that I can contribute and can be confident in my opinion and contribution, getting better at saying no

Answer 78

write list --> paper, excel with DDL and priorities break down into steps hierarchy: discuss most important + pirorites can push DDL for some inform: taking over --> open communication ask for help --> delegate tasks, talk, team work find solution

Answer 79

seek conversation, establish common goal disagreemtn is not personal -- same goals different communication approach, often a misunderstanding --> multiculutral environment brainstorm strategies --> postiive, different ideas write down next steps + task devision listen to the other side --> see their perspective if not possible through conversation: conversation with hierarchy --> neutral intermidairy

Answer 80

always geopolitical from the beginning --> grown over time and more explicit strategic agenda + EC headline ambition --> clearly named as key priortiy multipolar, multicrises world --> climate change, migration, energy, Russian aggression on Ukraine, China, BRI, Trum 2, HR, democracy under attack push for EU values and norms multliatalism and beyonf lead in Green Deal strong committment to deals more strategic in EU projects --> EUropean and partners' interest alike Team Europe approach --> European brand --> better coordinate external action --> paradigm shift strong + fair trade --> GG

Answer 81

contribute to EU inspire other people to see what the EU is doing work with people I can learn from contribute, share own ideas make world better place for Europeans + global scale EU norms, vlaues --> esp. in these times --> HR, democracy, multilateralism, leaving no one behind learning, growing, contributing cultural diversity at the workplace, being biligngual myself, different cultures, view points

Answer 82

backgorund: professional and academic --> global studies from a European Perspective, interconnections, global player, global trade, supply chains, economic, social and environemntal upgrading, mobilisation of group worked here in INTPA for the last 2 years --> expertise in EC work processes, policy, multilateralism working in an internaitonal environment drafting skills communication skills multilingual pro-active digital skills gender equality

Answer 83

policy officer, project management --> more responsiblities, team leaders, leading projects deepen understanding of EU make my own contirbution to the success of the EU empower other young people to believe in EU work closely with colleagues take over more responsibliites through JPP: different facets of EC --> silo breaking policy work, lead projects more experience, mentor young professionals

Answer 84

bring in my competencies and further develop good feedback content with the work I do represent my team learn, take on new challenges ---> keep doing that work well under pressure, co-operate + co-create positive for othres --> transparent, clear, temaowrk efficient, meet DDLs contribute to EU priorities + goals

Answer 85

Survey, welcome pack, files for Cssr, Teams transition

Answer 86

collegiality, respect, clear communication/honesty, reliability, equal opportunities

Answer 87

commited to EU + Europe --> family background lived in various EU countries --> always beneficial when different backgrounds + ideas come together stronger together education profie fits

Answer 88

policy officer great drafting skills --> English lit, translation multilingual global studies --> keen understanding of various topics, economics, culture, economics, climate --> interlinkages great drafting + researching skill team work skills --> work together, coordinate very organised diligent switch hats, adaptable + flexible, driven + detail oriented

Answer 89

Green Deal priorities of last VDL ambitious but importnat climate hcange, PAris agreement, 2030 Agenda, SDGs gorwth + industry strategy requires significant changes to how we life, work key: change from linear to circular economy act New Cricular Economy Action PLan recycling: no unified regulation in EU --> should change a lot is still single use or still burnt, not recycled need to build recycling capacities link this to GG: transport, digital, green energy --> link CMR clean tech

Answer 90

Green Deal Digital Transformation --> digital innovation, AI centres, fair and competitivenss market, protection of citizen's rights Economic Recovery Social Europe --> promote fair wages, social inclusion, gender equality European Democracy --> rule of law, fundemental rights, democratic, resilient EU

Answer 91

digital service act, proposed 2020 pioneer in digtial policy aim: updating regulatory framework for digital services in EU, make transparent, seeks to address whole range of issues --> online platforms, content moderation, user rights, responsibilites of digital service providers make safer + more transparent digital environemnt how t handle illegal content protect user rights transparencz and accoundability about content moderation + how algorithems function

Answer 92

General Data Protection Regulation strengthen control of indivuals over personal data companies require to obtain explicit consent for data processing

Answer 93

economic temporary recovery plan: 750bn EUR post-covid recovers response to economic and social consequences focus: digitalisatoin green transition reskilling of workforce to ensure a more resilient and sustainable economy

Answer 94

fund: ensure a fiar and inlcusive labour market and social protection systems skills education systems fit for the futue

Answer 95

3 pillars 1. crisis preaprdness and response 2. pharmaceutical strategy 3. EUrope's beating cancer plan

Answer 96

set of 20 principles and rights designed to guide the development of social and labour policies in the EU goal: fair, socialm inclusive society with equal opportunities and acess to social protection aims: 1. equal opportunites + access to labour market 2. fair working conditions 3. social portection and inclusion Eu does not have competenvies to national social policy making therefore not legally binding or in the Treaty but a political declaration

Answer 97

recommends mainstreaming digitalisation in EU development polict y across 4 key policy areas 1. access to affordable and secure broadband 2. digital literacy and skills 3. digital entrepreneurship and job creation 4. digital technologies as enablers for sustainable development

Answer 98

ensure that all EU external action is acrively engaged in promoting gender equality and not leaving women and girls behind

Answer 99

EU circular Economy Action Plan launched in 2015, updated in 2020 away from linear economy model focus: sustainable resource use, waste prevention, recycling, promote more ciruclar business models sectors: plastics, constructions, electronics, food waste, textiles

Answer 100

transport priorty of GG access to CRM is vital change from combustion engine to electric cars --> currently: China is a clear winner EU Hq companies account for 45% of global R&D investment --> a lot more than China, Japan, USA EU investment in ICT software = small EU corporate R&D investments: 1. 34.2% automotive 19.3% health 14% ICT hardware 7.8% ICT software EV: need 6* more CRM than fossil fuel cars past few years: CRM export increased by almost 50% China: a lot cheaper to prodcue EVs --> battery production: 30% cheaper in China than in Europe --> China has more expertise and state aid (visible + invisible subsisides, roughly 9* more than OECD countries) battery production very different than engine --> China has expertise, with battery: 39% of new cost compennt but also highest value component EV cars: China dominates 65% of market! battery market: 89% China electrodes:87-96% China chemicals: dominance market mining: not China --> as not as many CRm in the country EU specialised on high-energy battery vs China on low-energy batteries --> EU plateaus, China grows G7 reaction: tarrifs until now: Africa is CRM exporter --> not able to process it in Africa --> GG can help change that --> move up the value chain--> build capacities e.g. education digitalisation of custom procedures transition is deep and disruptive, esp. for European companies discussion: Strategic Dialogue on the Future of the Atuomotive Industry in Europe still: drives innovation, supports millions of jobs, largest private investor in R&D --> auto sector = European pride + propserity driver 13.8ml jobs (2.6 mil in direct manufacturing), 6.1% of Eu employment among biggest word@s producers of motor vehicles --> links to steel, chemicals, textiles, ICT, repair, monility services 7% of European GDP but: 80% of growth expected to occur outside the EU EU focusshould be on concluding and enforcing preferential trade and investment agreemtns --> access to 3rd markets, continue benefiting from economic of scale mobility eco-system: entire value chian of automotive, waterborne, rail and bike crucial for economic growth and jobs high level of innovation and collaboration across sectors linked to following value chains: digtial, electronics, enrgy intensive industries, textile econsystem pressures: green mobility, rising competition, new regulation ---> need green and digtial transformation EVs, smart and clean autonomous vehicles European battery production = strategic imperative for clean energy treansition and competitiveness 4 key areas of imporvement: smart regulatoin international harmonisation bilateral regulatroy dialogues access to finance and market access to support SMEs

Answer 101

build first AI factories --> bild 1.5 bn EUR, combining national and EU funding 50% from EU Digital Europe programme for AI infrastrcutre, Horizion Europe for AIF services --> new AI-optimised supercomputers deployment 2025-26 goal: Ai-start ups to innovate and scale up comibnr: compting power, data, talent key sectors: health and life sciecne, manufacturing, climate and environment, automotive and autonomous systems, cybersecurity, agri-tech and agrifood, education, arts and culture, green economy, space

Answer 102

1bn EUR bost in R&D EDF 2021-27:7.3bn EUR 5th annual Work Programme for European Defence Fund (EDF)

Answer 103

basis: Draghi report 3 pillars 1. closing innovation gap --> new tech, start-up, AI --AI-Gigafactories, "Apply AI" initative --> dedicated EU start-ups and scale-up strategy 2. joint roadmap for decarbonisation and competitveness --> upcoming Clean Industrial Deal --> with competitivness driven approach --> aim: EU attractive location for manufacturing and promote clean tech and circular economy business model; Affordable Energy Action PLan to bring down own energy prices and costs; industrial Decarbonisation accelerator Act will extent acellerated permitting to sectors in transition 3. reducing excessive dependencies and increasing security --> diversify and strengthen European supply chains --> new range of Clean Trade and Investment Partnerships to secure supply of CRM, clean energy, sustainable transport fuels and clean tech from across the world, review public procurement rules 5 enablers: 1. simplify regulatory and adminstrative processes 2. new single market strategy 3. European savings and investment union 4. union of skills w/ focus on investment, adult and life long learning, future-proof skills creation, skill retention 5. Competitiveness coordination tool to ensure implementation at EU and national levels and shared EU objectives R&D private investments: 1. USA 42.3% 2. EU 18.7% China 17.1%

Answer 104

article 3, Lisbon Treaty promote peace, its values, well-being of citizens offer freedom, security, justice without internal bordres extrenal poarders: regulate asylum and migration, combat crime estbalish internal market achieve SD --> based on economic growth and price stability --> hihgly competitive market economy with full employment and social progress rptoect and imporve quality of environment promote sicentific and technological progress cobact social exclusion and discripimintation promote social justice and protection, equality btw men and women, protection of the rights of children enahnce ecnomic, soical, territorila cohesion and solidarity among EU countries respect its rich culutre and linguistic diversity establish economic and monetary union , with EU currency

Answer 105

uphold and promote its values and interests contribute to peace and security and sustainable development contribute to solidarity and mutual respect among peoples, free and fair trade, eradication of poverty, protection of HR strict observance of international law

Answer 106

Human Dignity Freedom Democracy Equality Rule of law Human Rights

Answer 107

past 5 years, EU revamped its development model --> evolving geopolitical and geoeconomic landscape and global challenges from donor-recipient dynamic to mutually beneficial partnerships embodied in GG investment strategy, launched in 2021 goal: EU positions itself in contested international environment --> increase scale, impact, visibility of actions by 2027: mobilise 300bn EUR in sustinable public and private investment through GG 2021-27: 179 bn EUR in partner countries mobilised advancing on 225 flagship projects breakdown EC;50 bn EUR MS, EIB, EBRD: 129bn EUR GG: 5 priorities 1. Climate and Energy investment in renewable energy and infrastructure --> Namibia: green hyrdogen facilites harness wind + scolar power, rare earth resources --> Costa Rica: national decarbonisation plan 2. Digital Transition --> EU launched 5 Digital Economy Packages --> e.g. philippnes, LAC 3. Transport Connectivity improve infrastructure and regulatory frameworks --> e.g. Trans-Caspian Transport Corridor, Lobito corrdior 4. Health --> initative on vaccines and medicines focus on Africa boost resilience in face of global health crisis 5. Education and Research EU increased investement in education from 7 oto 13% emphasis: gender equality and teacher trainig e.g. Regional Teachers Intiative for Africa goal: 14 mil travhers by 2030 goal: universal priamry and secondary education

Answer 108

Eu engagement in fragile contexts and countries --> address root causes of migration and fragility, support basic needs and livelihoods of populations --> Pact on Migration and Asylum support SDs --> strengthen mulilatral engagement with global instistutions --> UN, G7, G20, IFIs Glboal Partnerships for Education 2021-27 --> 700 mil eur global health, education, equality 427mil EUR Pandemic Fund 300 mil Eur Vaccine Alliance (for poorest countries) 2023 Samoa Agreement --> African Caribbean, Pacific States