GFR Flashcards
What are some of the differences between a Cortical Nephron and a Juxtaglomerular Nephron?
Cortical Nephron: Short loops of Henle, surrounded by peritubular capillaries.
Juxtaglomerular Nephron: Long loops of Henle, and specialized peritubular capilllaries (called Vasa Recta) which act to concentrate the urine
A Fall in GFR, while indicating a progression in severe disease, is mostly likely due to?
A decreased in net permeability due to loss of filtration surface area
Which of the three strucures of the glomercular membrane is able to repel Albumin and why?
Glomerular Basement: Is contains anionic proteoglycans & collagen
Which of the following layers of the glomercular membrane acts as restriction base on size of the molecules?
Podocyte Epithelium: The slit pores betweeen the podocytes restrict large molecules
What is a characteristic of Minimal Change Disease or Nephropathy?
Loss of negatively charged proteins (Albumin) resulting in Albumineria prior to noticeable changes in renal structure
What happens to GFR with prolonged efferent ateriolar constriction and why?
The GFR will eventually decrease, d/t the decreased RPF dominating.
GFR is strictly maintained over a MAP of what, via auto regulation?
MAP: 80-170 mmHg
Sympathetic innervation primarily causes vasoconstriction of what?
The afferent arteriole
Angiotensin II primarily causes vasoconstriction of what in the kidney?
The efferent arteriole
Why is chronic use of NSAIDs bad for the kidneys?
It blocks prostaglandin production, which have protective role of opposing sympathetic induced vasoconstriction within the kidney
What is the effect on RBF, GFR, and Peritubular Capillary Hydrostatic Pressure w/ vasodilation of the afferent ateriole?
Vasodilation of the Afferent Arteriole
GFR: Increase
RBF: Increased
CHP (Capillary Hydrostatic Pressure): Increase
What will happen w/ 1) RBF 2) GFR 3) PHC after vasodilation of the efferent arteriole?
Vasodilation of Efferent Arteriole
1) RBF: Increase
2) GFR: Decrease
3) PHC: Increase
What is the compensatory mechanism of the kidneys to maintain blood flow with increased blood pressure?
Constrict Afferent Arteriole & Dilate Efferent Arteriole
In terms of auto regulation of the Kidneys: A myogenic response is initiated in response to what?
Increase systemic arterial pressure
In terms of auto regulation of the Kidney; a tubuloglomerula feedback is initiated in response to what?
Increased or decreased GFR
