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z_MS1_Neuro Study > GF5: Neuro Strokes and CVAs 2 > Flashcards

GF5: Neuro Strokes and CVAs 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Pts w/ hemorrhagic stroke are to be given NO medications of what type? Name some.

A

Blood thinners

NO:

  • Aspirin/clopidogrel
  • Heparin/enoxaparin
  • Warfarin
  • Thrombolytics
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2
Q

What is the priority action for a pt w/ suspected stroke?

A
  • Maintain patent airway
  • Stat CT scan
  • Neuro assessment
  • Give tPA
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3
Q

Left sided stroke results in _____ and _____ issues, whereas right sided stroke results in _____ and _____ issues.

A

Left = language and logic

Right = Reckless and creative

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4
Q

General s/s of left sided stroke?

A
  • Dysphasia
  • Reading/writing problems
  • Right sided hemiparesis
  • Right side neglect
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5
Q

General s/s of right sided stroke?

A
  • Lack of impulse control
  • Behavioral changes
  • Left sided hemiparesis
  • Left side neglect
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6
Q

What are typical behavior characteristics of patients with right sided stroke?

A

Impatient

Quick to anger

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7
Q

What are typical behavior characteristics of patients with left sided stroke?

A

Slower to comprehend

Quieter

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8
Q

Strokes can cause visual and spatial deficits. Name a few.

A
  • Monocular vision loss: one eye works
  • Bitemporal hemianopia: tunnel vision
  • Contralateral homonymous hemianopia: Can only see one side (L or R) from both eyes
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9
Q

Left homonymous hemianopia is a result of a stroke located where?

A

Right side of the brain

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10
Q

PTs w/ hemianopsia are @risk of self neglect. What is our PT education re: getting dressed?

A

Dress the weaker side first

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11
Q

What is our safety education for PTs w/ hemianopsia?

A
  • Scan surroundings
  • Turn head to affected side
  • Teach family to approach PT from unaffected side
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12
Q

True or False

A stroke patient w/ dysphagia is permitted a regular diet.

A

False, must be pureed until swallow function is restored

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13
Q

Why do we obtain vital signs and assist with morning care in one visit for a stroke patient?

A

Prevent sensory overload (keep environment as undisturbed as possible)

Prevent activities that would increase ICP or hemorrhage

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14
Q

How long does a stroke pt need to be NPO?

A

Until a swallow screen is performed

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15
Q

What are our nursing actions regarding feeding with a stroke pt?

A
  • Teach “flex neck” while swallowing
  • AVOID sedation meds before meals
  • HOB up
  • For dysphagia pts
    • Pureed diet, not regular
    • Add thickening agent to fluids
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16
Q

What is important to keep in mind with transferring a stroke pt from bed to chair?

A

Use a transfer belt

Always transfer w/ their stronger side first

17
Q

How do we approach ADLs with stroke pts?

A

Do not complete tasks for client

Allow them to learn

18
Q

True or False

If a stroke patient is having a hard time understanding what you are saying, be sure to speak in a loud clear voice.

A

False, the problem is with receptive aphasia, not hearing. Just speak clearly at a normal volume with simple yes or no questions

19
Q

What is the Braden Score?

A

An assessment tool used for risk of ulcers for bedridden pts

  • Score range of 6-23
  • High score = low risk
  • Low score = high risk
20
Q

A stroke pt may have hemiparesis which can make eating difficult. How is this addressed?

A
  • OT/PT will handle it
  • They will teach about Bobath tech (special utensils to make eating easier)
  • Utensils will be shaped differently with wide handles to make grasping easier
21
Q

What is akinesia?

A

Loss of skillful voluntary movement

22
Q

What is apraxia?

A

Can move affected body part, but not for specific purposes

23
Q

What is Dysarthria?

A

Slurred speech

24
Q

What is astereognosis?

A

Inability to recognize objects in hands without being able to see them

25
Q

What is agnosia?

A

Disturbance in interpreting visual, tactile or other sensory info

26
Q

What is an arteriovenous malformation (AVM)?

A

An abnormal capillary connection between arteries and veins, usually in the brain or spine.

Usually present at birth

27
Q

What is the danger of an AVM?

A

The arteries and veins in an AVM can rupture, causing bleeding into the brain or spinal cord.

Symptoms can include headaches and seizures

28
Q

What is the most common tx for an AVM?

A

Surgery

29
Q

How may an aneurysm be treated prior to bursting?

A

Cut off blood flow by applying a moretz clip to the affected area

30
Q

What is the general danger of brain tumors?

A

As they grow, they will increase ICP

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