Germany - methods of P Flashcards
What was one of the things used in P?
Germans used anti-british propaganda to encourage hate towards the English.
What did they blame on Britain and France?
They blamed the war on British imperial ambitions such as in a poster, “It’s their fault” and French desires for revenge after the defeat of 1871, persuading the population they were fighting a defensive war of encirclement from France and Russia.
Evidence that Germany persuaded civilian they were fighting a defensive war:
As Kaiser Wilhelm said, “ In defence against a totally unjustified attack, i have been forced to draw the sword…. The defence of the Fatherland, forced on us by the enemy challenge, will demand scarifice of blood and treasure.”.
What did P create for Germany?
P created a unanimous enemy for the Germans, increasing the nation’s desire for war, reflected in the extract of a poem.
What is the poem which reflect anti-british attitudes:
Hymn of Hate by Ernest Lissauer
We have but one and only hate,
We love as one, we hate as one,
we have one foe and one alone
ENGLAND!
What did newspapers do and evidence?
Newspapers also publicized atrocity stories of British soldiers. A new greeting, ‘Gott Strafe England’ (May God punish England) soon became popular throughout the nation and was commonly used in P as shown in Source 3 to denigrate the image of the enemy.
What did P and censorship do?
P and censorship in both germany and Britain also opened a vast gap between the ‘official truth’ and the undisclosed reality of war (disillusionment).
What did the German War NEws so?
tightly controlled censorship in Germany, with restrictions for newspapers to discuss the reasons for war.
What did German civilians not know?
german civilians had no knowledge of the horrors and reality of modern warfare, consumed by romantic notions of service and chivalry for decades.
Was there any opposition to war?
there was a minority of citizens and socialists who opposed the war from the start. During December 1915, a peace demonstration was held in Berlin, with people tired of a “useless war” as told by a demonstrator.
Evidence of effect of war of attrition:
the effect of the war of attrition is evidence with approximately 10 million troops at the front and more than half resulting in casualties.
What occured in December 1916?
Many people became aware that the hardships of war were not equally experienced by all citizens, hence December 1916 saw the introduction of Auxiliary Service Law - every male between 16 and 60 could be conscripted into warfare.
What was happening to the people near the end of war?
Increasingly, people were becoming discontent, with strikes and government banning the printing and distribution of all anti-war material.
Evidence of discontent towards war:
Rosa Luxembourg, German revolutionary leader, journalist, and socialist theorist, wrote in 1916, “The finest, the most intelligent, the best trained forces of international socialism… the workers of Great Britain.. germany.. are being slaughtered by the masses”.
What changed to German P after WW1?
After World War One, german P began convincing soldiers to join the army and soften the attitudes towards conscription, as seen in many posters such as ‘You, too, should join the Reichswehr’ and ‘Your Fatherland is in Danger, Register!’ (Source 4)
