Germany Flashcards
When did president Hindenburg die?
1934
When was the Reichstag building set on fire?
February 1933.
How many communists were arrested during the Reichstag fire?
- Including 100 Reichstag deputies (Mps)
When did the Reichstag pass the Enabling Act?
The Enabling Act was passed in March 1933
Gleichshaltung
Bringing Germany into line with the Nazi ideology
Book burning
in May 1933, 25,000 un-German books were burned.
How many people were killed on the night of the long knives?
85, including the SA leader Ernst Rohm
The people’s court
In 1934, the People’s Court was set up to start making harsh decision
unemployment rates in Germany
1933: 6 Million
1939: 35,000
What did Hitler establish after he banned all of the trade unions?
The DAF (Deutsche Arbeitsfront)
What was the Volkswagen scheme?
A scheme to help workers save 5 marks per week towards a new Volkswagen Beetle.
How much time did Pe take up in German schools?
15% of all lesson time. This is because the Germans wanted a fit and strong military generation.
When was membership in the Hitler Youth compulsory?
After 1936.
Ubermenschen
(Superhumans)
Untermenschen
Sub-humans
How did the Nazis make Jews scapegoats?
They blamed them for their defeat in World War One.
1935 Nuremberg Laws
Removed all rights from Jewish people.
Kristallnacht
On 9th November 1938, Night of Broken Glass, 100 Jews were killed and 20,000 were sent to concentration camps.
Who was the leader of the SS?
Heinrich Himmler.
Who was the leader of the SA?
Ernst Rohm.
When did Himmler become chief of the police?
In 1936.
German air force
The Luffwaffe
When did Russia halt the German advances into Russia?
In February 1943.
D-day
June 1944
Volkssturm
Men who hadn’t joined the army were conscripted into this.
Hamburg bombings
July 1943, RAF and usaaf bombed Hamburg for 7 days and 7 nights that killed 30,000 people.
Dortmund bombings
In 1945, raf bombers attacked dortmund, destroying 98% of buildings in the city.
hitler becomes chancellor
1933
Riechstag fire. Nazis blamed communists.
1933
enabling act
1933 gave Hitler has power to enact laws without the Reichstag’s approval. Made him a dictator.
jewish business boycott.
1933 jewish business boycott. SA stood outside jewish businesses to discourage public. one of the first major anti jewish policies.
Nazi party full control
1933 Nazi party full control. established a totalitarian state. all other political parties banned.
night of long knives
1934 murdered around 80 members of the SA, including Röhm.
fuhrerprinzip
leader principle
autarky
self sufficiency, not relying on trade
arbeit und brot
work and bread
acrostic for hitlers leader ship
Rigged German Election Leads To Psychopathic Nazi Dictator
Rigged
reichstag fire
German
German election 44% merge with social democrates
Election
enabling act
Leads
Local government, peoples court taken over, civil service act.
To
trade unions shut down
psychopathic
political parties removed
Nazi
night of long knives, 80 sa members killed including the leader ernst rohm
dictator
hindenburgs death, hitler makes germany a totalitarian state in 1934
Gleichschaltung
bringing germany in line with the nazi ideology
when was dachau created
1933
why was their increased executions in germany
no jury
1939 Newspaper owning stat
1939: 69% of newspapers were owned by the nazis
1935 newspaper closing
1600 newspapers closed in 1935
how many radios were sold cheaply so that people could afford them?
9 million
how many people owned a radio in nazi germany
70%
Manipulation Through Movies Egs
“Eternal Jew” and “Hitlerjunge Quex”
how much did the stadium that hitler build hold?
110,000
How many medals did germany win?
1936 olympics: 33 medals
How many people attended Hitlers rallies?
1923-1938 with 400,000
Children, Kitchen, Church
Kinder, kuche, kirche
Law for encouragement of marriage
1000 marks loan. Allowed to keep 250 for each child that they had.
Reduction of employment law
1933
Teachers losing their jobs
1933, 15% of teachers lost their jobs
civil servants sacking
19,000 female civil servants were sacked
duty year for women
1937: since germany were preparing for war
Easy divorces
meant divorces increased by 200,000
women going back to work
1939
number of women in employment increase in 1939
increase by 2.4 million
RAD
organisation to decrease employment e.g building motorways
RAD compulsory for men
in 1935
conscription for men for 2 years
from 1935 onwards
imports during the war
Autarky didnt work, 33% raw materials imported + 20% food imported
Total War and albert spear
Spear became minister of production in 1942
Women In Workforce In May 1944
Women made up 50% of the workforce
HJ member increase
1939: increased by 7 million members
Kristallnacht
1938, 400 synangogues, 7500 shops destroyed
1935 Jews to concentration camps
march, 30,000 jews sent
Pope Pius XII
described hitler as a “mad prophet” 1937
reprecussions of Pope Pius’ comments
400 priests imprisioned
public support needed by the Church
1941 pressure was relieved
Hans and sophie scholl
White rose group, 1943, handed out leaflets exposing the nazis about gassing children
Area bombing
1942, allies witched to area bombing
Thousand bomber raid
30th may 1942. Cologne
Hamburg bombings
July/August, bombed on two occasions
Dresden attacked
february 1945
dutch forced labour
1943, 300,000 ex-soldiers
forced labour for 16-60 year olds
1944, 500,000
non jews murdered throughout the war
19 million
Warsaw ghetto uprising
lasted two months, biggest uprising against the nazis
Einstatzgrupen
4 units, 3000 men, follow behind germany in the invasion of the USSR
