Germany - Control and opposition Flashcards

1
Q

What were the three branches of the SS ?

A
  • kirpo
  • the gestapo
  • the SD
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2
Q

What did the kirpo do ?

A

carried out general policing duties

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3
Q

What did the gestapo do ?

A

secret state police, hunted down the Nazis opponents. The Gestapo law of 1936 allowed the Gestapo to do anything they wanted. They would imprison people without trial.

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4
Q

What did the SD do ?

A

intelligence arm of the SS, headed by Reinhard Heydrich

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5
Q

Who was head of the SS ?

A

Heinrich Himmler

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6
Q

Where were potential SS members trained ?

A

Junker schools

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7
Q

How many members of the SS were there in 1939 ?

A

about 250,000

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8
Q

Explain the Nazi court system

A

Hitler set up the peoples court in 1934, there were Nazi judges and no juries. over 250,000 people were imprisoned due to these courts.

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9
Q

Where and when was the first Concentration camp set up ?

A

Dachau, March 1933

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10
Q

Explain how Nazis used Concentration Camps

A

The decree for the protection of the people and state allowed people to be placed into the concentration camps. These people were kept under very harsh conditions

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11
Q

What was the volksgemeinschaft ?

A

A peoples community

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12
Q

Summaries the impact of the police state

A
  • people were afraid to say something wrong
  • Nazis believed in clan responsibility
  • all opposition was crushed
  • people were scared but liked having no ‘enemies of the state’
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13
Q

Who was Josef Goebbels ?

A

The minister of popular enlightenment and propaganda

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14
Q

What did Goebbels establish to help him with his job ?

A

The Reich chamber of culture

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15
Q

Explain the Nuremberg rallies

A

Huge gatherings of Nazis, light sound and costume shows, up to 500,000 people attended.

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16
Q

When were the Olympics held in Berlin ?

A

1936

17
Q

Name four things that were censored during the Nazi Rule

A
  • cinema, theatre and music
  • exhibitions of degenerate art were held
  • jazz was condemned
  • 20,000 books by banned authors were burned in Berlin
18
Q

What was Eher Verlag ?

A

The nazi newspaper publishers, it owned 69% of the newspaper titles

19
Q

Explain the editors law

A

Held newspaper editors responsible for the info they published in their papers.

20
Q

Explain radio stations during Nazi times

A

The Nazis controlled all the radio stations. Cheap radios (people’s receivers) were made. Germany had one of the highest radio ownership in the world 70%

21
Q

Name two Nazi propaganda films

A
  • the eternal jew

- triumph of the will

22
Q

Where the Nazi attempts of censorship successful ?

A

yes - The public allowed them to implement their policies

no - Attacks on the church backfired

23
Q

What have studies shown about the support of the Nazis in certain areas ?

A
  • They were hugely popular in rural protestant area
  • popular among the lower and middle classes
  • less likely to be supported by the urban working folk
  • the young were likely to be keen Nazis
24
Q

When was the concordat signed ?

A

July 1933

25
Q

Explain what the concordat meant

A

The catholic church would not involve itself in politics and the Nazis would let it operate as usual

26
Q

When and how did the Nazis break the concordat ?

A

1936 the rights about the youth groups were being ignored

27
Q

Who were the German Christians lead by ?

A

Ludwig Muller

28
Q

When was the confessional church set up ?

A

1933

29
Q

Who was the leader of the confessional church ?

A

Niemoller arrested in 1937 and sent to Dachau

30
Q

What was the Nazi religion called ?

A

German faith movement, only had 200,000 members (worshipped the sun and weird stuff)

31
Q

Name 3 opposition youth groups

A
  • edelweiss pirates
  • Leipzig hounds
  • swing youth
32
Q

Explain the swing youth

A
  • grew long hair

- danced to jazz

33
Q

Explain the edelweiss pirates

A
  • wore checked shorts and shorts

- hung around parks and committed vandalism

34
Q

Explain the Leipzig hounds

A
  • communist group

- listened to the Moscow radio