Germany, 2b rise of hitler Flashcards
Why were the nazis popular
Hitler was a good speaker which drew people in.
He used simple language and short phrases to show his message.
He effectively used propaganda, with simple slogans.
The SA appealed to young people as they wanted to be a part of it.
He promised to end unemployment.
He disregarded the treaty of versailles which was unpopular, so people liked him.
They saw the failure of the weimar from their mishandling of the spartacists, hyperinflation and great depression so they saw Hitler as a goodnew leader.
Nazi ideology
Fascism- They believed that democracy was weak and there should be one ruling party, the nazis.
Antisemitist - They believed Jewish people were sub-human and blamed them for Germany’s problems
Racial superiority- They believed that Aryn germans were the master race and had the right to do what they want
Nationalism - they wanted to unite all German people should be united in a greater Germany and that the treaty of versailles should be destroyed.
Militaristic - believed in a strong military
Hitler becomes chancellor
In the July 1932 Election, the Nazis won more votes than any other party. Hitler was offered the position of Vice Chancellor in a coalition with von Papen and von Schleicher. He refused as he did not want to be associated with a failing Government.
-After the November 1932 election, Hitler refused the Chancellorship because President Hindenburg tried to limit his powers.
-In January 1933, Hitler accepted the Chancellorship. This came after von Papen convinced Hindenburg that he could keep Hitler under control in his position of Vice Chancellor.
Why was hitler made chancellor
Von papen and Hindenburg thought they could control Hitler.
Nazi message - promised to make Germany great again
Hitler was a charismatic speaker and leader.
There was a fear of communism, communism was a threat to rich businessmen so they supported the nazis who were against communism so they were at less threat.
Weimar had a lack of popularity with people, they mishandled many situations.
Impact of the great depression, lots of people were unemployed and hitler promised jobs.
Effective use of propaganda.
Reichstag fire
On the 27 February 1933 the reichtag was burned down. Dutch communist van der lube was blamed for the fire.
Hitler used this to his advantage-
He expelled communists from Parliment and arrested many leaders so they couldn’t participate in the election. He convinced Hindenburg that they were under threat from a communist uprising, so he inacted article 48 which let him censor newspapers and track calls.
This was the beginning of the end of democracy in Germany.
Reichtag fire impact on election
In the election of march 1933 the Nazis were able to increase their share of the vote from 33% to 44% because the communists not being able to vote. The Nazis partnered with the Catholic centre party to get their total majority. With Hitlers majority he now can pass the enabling act that lets him pass his own laws without the support of Hindenburg or the reichstag.
Night of long knives motivation
Rohm the leader of the SA has clashing ideas to Hitler. He wanted the SA to become the new German army, Hitler had conflicting ideas so Rhom had to be stopped. Himmler also wanted to get rid of Rohm becuase he wanted the SS to have more power. Rohm was a threat to Hitler as a leader.
Night of long knives
On 30th June 1934 Hitler arranged a meeing with Rohm and 100 other SA leaders in a hotel.
The SA leaders were arrested by the SS and shot.
Over the next few days people that were a threat to Hitler were killed.
Hitler used the excuse that Rohm and the SA were planning a revolution.
This let Hitler to remove rivals that were a threat.
The SS was now a separate organisation from the SA.
Hitler gains full control
In August 1934 the army swore an oath of allegiance to Hitler.
In the same month Hindenburg dies. Hitler now can fully declare himself Fuhrer.
Hitler now has full control of Germany.
Hitler gains full control
In August 1934 the army swore an oath of allegiance to Hitler.
In the same month Hindenburg dies. Hitler now can fully declare himself Fuhrer.
Hitler now has full control of Germany.
