Germany Flashcards
German Wine Categories
German Wine Categories PDO Wines
Abfüller
Bottler or shipper who assumes the responsibility for the origin and quality of a wine.
Absetzen
The process settling of solids (dead yeast cells, leftover grape skin fragments, etc.) to the bottom of a vat of wine or must.
Alleinbesitz:
A vineyard which is owned by only one owner (similar to a monopole in France).
Alte Reben:
Old vines
Amtliche Prüfungsnummer:
Commonly referred to as the AP number; a quality control number on all QbA and QmP wines. The number contains the Exam Board number, commune number, producers registered number, an application number and the year of the application. Some producers use the application number as a sequential indication of sweetness.
Anreicherung:
Broad term for sweetening must before or during fermentation. Whereas chaptalization means the addition of sugar only, enrichment also includes the addition of grape must, concentrated grape must, and RCGM.
Badisch Rotgold:
A rotling from the Baden region. Made from Grauburgunder (min. 51%) and Spatburgunder grapes. Composition must be declared on label.
Biologische Säureabbau:
Malolactic fermentation.
Deutscher Sekt:
Sparkling wine made by any method from grapes grown in Germany.
Edelfäule:
Noble rote.
Einzellage:
Single vineyard.
Einzelpfahlerziehung:
A vine individually trained to a single stake. Used on very steep slopes such as the Mosel.
Erstes Gewächs:
VDP classification of dry wines from premier cru vineyards. Formerly a legal term used for dry wines in the Rheingau from the best vineyards (1999-2019).
Erzeugerabfüllung:
Grown and produced by the same grower or cooperative.
Federweisser:
Unfiltered must containing CO2 and yeast that is still in the process of fermenting. An autumn specialty served with onion quiche or roasted chestnuts.
Feinherb:
Half-dry, no legal definition.
Flaschengärung:
Bottle-fermented Sekt
Füder:
1,000-liter cask common in the Mosel.
Gemeinde:
Local community or village. Piesport, for example.
Gerbstoff:
Tannin
Grosser Ring:
Mosel growers association.
Grosses Gewächs:
VDP classification of dry wines from the best vineyards, must be Spätlese ripeness.
Grosslage:
A collection of vineyards; misleading term for inexpensive wines.
Gutsabfüllung:
Grown, produced and bottled by the same person/estate.
Halbtrocken:
Half-dry, generally less than 18 g/L residual sugar.
Handgerüttelt:
Hand-riddled.
Hauptlese:
The main harvest
Kellerei:
Wine cellar (or wholesaler)
Kelter:
Wine press.
Keuper:
Clay and slate soil.
Lehm:
Loam soil.
Lieblich:
Medium-sweet.
Mergel:
Heavy loam.
Mostgewicht:
Must weight which is the weight of sugar in the grapes at the time of the harvest.
Reinzuchthefen:
Pure culture yeasts. Used by growers afraid of risk, hence stuck fermentations.
Restzucker:
Residual sugar
Rotliegendes:
Reddish slate.
Rotling:
Rosé wine that is produced from a mixture of red and white varieties. Must have pale red or clear red color.
Schielerwein:
A rotling from Sachsen.
Schillerwein:
A rotling from Württemburg.
Schloss:
German word for castle; on a wine label it is equivalent to the French word château.
Schneewein:
Snow wine, a term used to describe an ice wine made from grapes gathered when snow covered the vineyards.
Schotter:
Gravel
Sonnenuhr:
A sundial. Often very large and on steep vineyard sites.
Spontangärung:
Wines made by spontaneous fermentation versus wines inoculated by cultured yeasts. The former has an earthiness versus the cleaner fruit-forward smells of selected yeasts.
Spritzig:
Taste sensation of a wine which contains just enough CO2 to be apparent on the tongue as a prickly sensation (but not enough to be obviously sparkling).
Steillage:
Literally, steep site. A vineyard with an inclination of more than 30%.
Stück:
1,200-liter cask commonly used in the Rheingau.
Ton:
Clay
Trocken:
Dry; generally 4 g/L or less but residual sugar but can be up to 9 g/l if total acidity is within 2 g/l of total residual sugar.
Vorlese:
A pre-harvest before the main harvest to eliminate rotten or defective bunches.
Weinberg:
Vineyard
Weinkellerei:
Wine cellar or winery.
Weinsäure:
Tartaric acid.
Weissherbst:
Rosé from a single variety of red grape.
Winzergenossenschaft:
CO-op
Wurzelecht:
Ungrafted.
Zentralkellerei:
A central cooperative that gets its wine or must from smaller cellars in the area and blends, produces and bottles the wines.
Labelling term Classic
Classic wines are considered “harmoniously dry,” with a maximum residual sugar content of 15 g/l, and Selection wines are “superior dry” with a maximum residual sugar content of 9 g/l (12 g/l allowed for Riesling). Wines labeled “Classic” are single varietal wines and omit any mention of a vineyard on the label. They show a superior minimum alcohol content of 12% (11.5% in the Mosel).
Labelling wines: Selection
Selection wines are single vineyard wines from a single variety. Yields are restricted to 60 hl/ha. Must weight for Selection wines must be equivalent to Auslese, and vineyards are hand-harvested. The wines may not be released prior to September 1 of the year following harvest.
VDP classification pyramid
VDP maximum yield for each category …
Gutswein: 75 hl/ha
Ortswein: 75 hl/ha
Erste Lage: 60 hl/ha
Grosse Lage: 50 hl/ha
Classic German vessels …
Stück, 1,200-liter oval cask, and its variants
Halbstück, 600 liters
Doppelstück, 2,400
Rheingau Bereiche?
Johannisberg
Rheingau Major Villages (west to east)
Lorch, Assmannshausen, Rüdesheim, Geisenheim, Johannisberg, Winkel, Oestrich, Hallgarten, Hattenheim, Erbach, Kiedrich, Eltville, Rauenthal, Martinsthal, Walluf, Hochheim, Wicker
Rheingau Grosslage
Burgweg, Daubhaus, Deutelsberg, Erntebringer, Gottesthal, Heiligenstock, Honigberg, Mehrhölzchen, Steil, Steinmächer
Rheingau Leading Producers …
Robert Weil (Kiedrich), Georg Breuer (Rüdesheim), Schloss Johannisberg (Geisenheim), August Kesseler (Assmannshausen), Franz Künstler (Hochheim), Josef Leitz (Rüdesheim), Schloss Schönborn (Hattenheim), Josef Spreitzer (Oestrich)
Rheingau Minimum Prädikat Ripeness (in degrees Öchsle)
Mosel Bereiche..
Burg Cochem, Bernkastel, Ruwertal, Saar, Moseltor, Obermosel
Mosel Major Villages …
Major Villages
Burg Cochem (north to south): Winningen, Kobern-Gondorf, Hatzenport, Cochem, Bremm, Zell
Bernkastel (north to south): Pünderich, Enkirch, Traben-Trarbach, Wolf, Kröv, Lösnich, Erden, Ürzig, Zeltingen, Wehlen, Graach an der Mosel, Bernkastel-Kues, Lieser, Brauneberg, Kesten, Wintrich, Piesport, Dhron, Neumagen, Trittenheim, Leiwen
Ruwertal: Ruwer, Eitelsbach, Mertesdorf, Kasel, Waldrach, Avelsbach
Saar: Serrig, Saarburg, Wiltingen, Ockfen, Oberemmel, Kanzem
Mosel Grosslage
Burg Cochem: Weinhex, Goldbäumchen, Grafschaft, Rosenhang, Schwarze Katz
Bernkastel: Vom heissen Stein, Schwarzlay, Nacktarsch, Münzlay, Kurfürstenlay, Michelsberg, St. Michael, Badstube, Propstberg, Römerlay
Ruwertal: Grosslagenfrei, Römerlay
Saar: Scharzberg
Moseltor: Schloss Bübingen
Obermosel: Gipfel, Königsberg
Mosel Leading Producers:
Fritz Haag (Brauneberg), Dr. Loosen (Bernkastel), Egon Müller (Wiltingen), Joh. Jos. Prüm (Wehlen), Karthäuserhof (Eitelsbach)
Mosel Minimum Prädikat Ripeness (in degrees Öchsle)
Pfalz Bereiche?
Mittelhaardt-Deutsche Weinstrasse, Südliche Weinstrasse
Pfalz Major Villages (north to south):
Mittelhaardt-Deutsche Weinstrasse: Dirmstein, Grünstadt, Laumersheim, Grosskarlbach, Kirchheim, Weisenheim, Kallstadt, Ungstein, Bad Dürkheim, Wachenheim, Forst, Deidesheim, Ruppertsberg, Gimmeldingen, Mussbach, Haardt, Neustadt, Duttweiler
Südliche Weinstrasse: Hainfeld, Burrweiler, Gleisweiler, Essingen, Siebeldingen, Birkweiler, Klingenmünster, Schweigen
Pfalz Grosslage
Mittelhaardt-Deutsche Weinstrasse: Höllenpfad,Schwarzerde, Feuerberg, Grafenstück, Kobnert, Hofstück, Mariengarten, Pfaffengrund, Rebstöckel, Hochmess, Schenkenböhl, Rosenböhl, Meerspinne, Honigsäckel
Südliche Weinstrasse: Bischofskreuz, Königsgarten, Mandelhöhe, Trappenberg, Kloster Liebfrauenberg, Guttenberg, Schloss Ludwigshöhle, Ordensgut, Herrlich
Pfalz Leading Producers
Knipser (Laumersheim), Ökonomierat Rebholz ( Siebeldingen), Bassermann-Jordan (Deidesheim), Von Winning (Deidesheim), Friedrich Becker (Schweigen), Dr. Bürklin-Wolf (Wachenheim), A. Christmann (Gimmeldingen), Koehler-Ruprecht (Kallstadt), Philipp Kuhn (Laumersheim), Georg Mosbacher (Forst), Pfeffingen - Fuhrmann-Eymael (Bad Dürkheim), Dr. Wehrheim (Birkweiler)
Pfalz Minimum Prädikat Ripeness (in degrees Öchsle)
Rheinhessen Bereiche ?
Nierstein, Bingen, Wonnegau
Rheinhessen - Major Villages
Nierstein/Rheinterrasse (north to south): Bodenheim, Nackenheim, Nierstein, Oppenheim, Dienheim
Bingen: Siefersheim, Bingen, Appenheim
Wonnegau: Westhofen, Flörsheim-Dalsheim, Dittelsheim, Monsheim, Worms
Rheinhessen Grosslage
Nierstein: Auflangen, Domherr, Güldenmorgen, Gutes Domtal, Krötenbrunnen, Petersberg, Rehbach, Rheinblick, Sankt Alban, Spiegelberg, Vögelsgärten
Bingen: Adelberg, Kaiserpfalz, Kurfürstensück, Rheingrafenstein, Sankt Rochuskapelle, Abtey
Wonnegau: Bergkloster, Burg Rodenstein, Domblick, Gotteshilfe, Liebfrauenmorgen, Pilgerpfad, Sybillenstein
Rheinhessen Leading Producers
Keller (Flörsheim-Dalsheim), Kühling-Gillot (Bodenheim), Wagner-Stempel (Siefersheim), Wittman (Westhofen), Gunderloch (Nackenheim)
Rheinhessen Minimum Prädikat Ripeness (in degrees Öchsle)
Nahe - Bereiche
Nahetal
Nahe Major Villages (north to southwest)
Münster-Sarmsheim, Burg Layen, Dorsheim, Laubenheim, Windesheim, Langenlonsheim, Wallhausen, Bad Kreuznach, Bad Münster am Stein, Traisen, Norheim, Niederhausen, Oberhausen, Schlossböckelheim, Bockenau
Nahe - Leading Producers
Hermann Dönnhoff (Oberhausen), Emrich-Schönleber (Monzingen), Schlossgut Diel (Burg Layen), Schäfer-Fröhlich (Bockenau), Dr. Crusius (Traisen)
Nahe - Prädikat Ripeness (in degrees Öchsle)
Mosel: Important Gemeinden and Einzellagen
Saar
Wiltingen: Scharzhofberger
Saarburg: Rausch
Ruwer
Eitelsbach: Karthäuserhofberg
Mertesdorf: Abtsberg, Herrenberg, Bruderberg
Mosel
Trittenheim: Apotheke
Piesport: Goldtröpfchen, Domherr
Brauneberg: Juffer, Juffer Sonnenuhr
Bernkastel-Kues: Doctor, Lay
Graach an der Mosel: Domprobst, Josephshöfer (monopole of Reichsgraf von Kesselstatt)
Wehlen: Sonnenuhr
Zeltingen: Sonnenuhr
Ürzig: Würzgarten
Erden: Prälat, Treppchen
Rheingau: Important Gemeinden and Einzellagen
Assmannshausen: Höllenberg
Rüdesheim: Berg Roseneck, Berg Rottland, Berg Schlossberg
Geisenheim: Schloss Johannisberg
Johannisberg: Hölle
Winkel: Schloss Vollrads, Jesuitengarten, Hasensprung
Hattenheim: Pfaffenberg (monopole of Schloss Schonborn), Mannberg, Steinberg
Hallgarten: Schönhell, Jungfer
Erbach: Marcobrunn
Kiedrich: Gräfenberg
Eltville: Sonnenberg
Hochheim am Main: Hölle, Kirchenstück
Rheinhessen: Important Gemeinden and Einzellage
Nackenheim: Rothenberg
Nierstein: Hipping, Pettenthal
Oppenheim: Schützenhütte, Sackträger
Westhofen: Morstein, Kirchspiel
Dalsheim: Hubacker
Pfalz: Important Gemeinden and Einzellagen
Mittelhaardt-Deutsche Weinstrasse
Kallstadt: Saumagen
Ungstein
Bad Dürkheim
Wachenheim
Forst: Kirchenstück, Freundstück, Pechstein, Ungeheuer, Jesuitengarten
Deidesheim: Langenmorgen, Hohenmorgen, Kieselberg
Ruppertsberg: Reiterpfad, Gaisböhl (Bürklin-Wolf monopole)
Königsbach: Idig
Südliche-Weinstrasse:
Siebeldingen: Im Sonnenschein
Birkweiler: Kastanienbusch
Schweigen: Kammerberg
Nahe: Important Gemeinden and Einzellagen
Bad Kreuznach
Bad Münster
Norheim
Niederhausen: Hermannshöhle, Hermannsberg
Oberhausen: Brücke
Schlossböckelheim: Kupfergrube, Felsenberg
Franken: Important Gemeinden and Einzellagen
Würzburg: Stein, Leiste
Escherndorf: Lump
Iphofen: Julius Echter Berg
Bürgstadt: Centgrafenberg
Prädikat Level Minimum Öchsle Range
Bacchus
(Silvaner x Riesling) x Müller-Thurgau
Müller-Thurgau
Riesling x Madeleine Royale
Kerner
Trollinger x Riesling
Scheurebe
Bukettrebe x Riesling Alzey (1916)
Septimer
Gewürztraminer x Müller-Thurgau Alzey
Dornfelder
Helfensteiner x Heroldrebe Weinsberg (1955)
Amtliche Prüfungsnummer (AP Number)
A series of five sets of numbers indicating that the wine has been approved by a tasting panel. In the series, the first number refers to the region where the wine was tested, the second set of numbers refers to the commune in which the wine was bottled, the third set of numbers is the bottler’s code, the fourth set of numbers is a unique code for the bottling, and the final two numbers indicate the year in which the application was filed.
Prädikatswein min alcohol
Prädikatswein must carry a minimum alcohol level of 7% (5.5% for Beerenauslese, TBA, and Eiswein wines)