Germany

Question 1

Soviet zone

Answer 1

Feb 1946- German socialist unity party created.
Lots of opposition.
Enforced land reform and learning Russian in German schools.

Question 2

British zone

Answer 2

Pressure due to Ruhr

Big population- depended on Us

Question 3

American zone

Answer 3

Set up office of military govt, us

Allowed free elections

Question 4

Bizonia

Answer 4

1946- Britain and us ready for economic recovery in their zones.
USSR demanded more reparations from west.
Clay May 1946- no further reparations
January 1947- British and American zones merged economically into bizonia

Question 5

Soviet response to Bizonia

Answer 5

Opposed it
March-April 1947 council of ministers from all 4 met at the Moscow conference
USSR demanded creation of a central administration- failed, no decision agreed

Question 6

Currency reform

Answer 6

Feb-June 1948 Britain France and USA and the Benelux states met in London
Made decision to make new currency in western zones of Germany
June 7 1948- agreed that west Germany should have a formal constitution(separated state).
France agreed but slightly objective

Question 7

Berlin Blockade

Answer 7

June 1948 to May 1949
24 June 1948 day after new western currency Soviet Union blocked all road and rail links to the western zones and West Berlin through soviet zones
Britain foreign secretary, Bevin stated USSR were trying to spread communism across whole of Germany.
Pushing western powers out of Berlin
Said shouldn’t use military force but keep supplying essentials

Question 8

Berlin airlift

Answer 8

Response to Berlin a blockade
Supplying food oil and other essentials via planes
May 1949- Stalin ended blockade, failed to push USA out of Germany.
2,000 tonnes of supply a day

Question 9

Creation of East and West Germany

Answer 9

West Germany- approved early 1949
Leader- Konrad Adenauer( independent but gave us Britain and France final decisions).
USSR new Eastern state October 1949.
One party system- SED

Question 10

NATO

Answer 10

North Atlantic treat organisation
4th April 1949
After ww2, Western European Union already set up b,f and Benelux
To prevent German threat
Eventually became known as nato
Reassuring west against soviet military aggression
Wanted to be peaceful and friendly.
But, “an armed attack…considered An attack against them all”

Question 11

Soviet response to NATO

Answer 11

Soviet ambassador argued it was an aggressive organisation pressuring states to conform under US.
USSR said not interested in attacking Europe
NATO- Cold War clearly in place.