germ cell Flashcards
most common sites of extra gonadal tumors
retroperitoneum, mediastinum, neck, pineal gland
two types of type 1 GCT and when they came about in development, age of patients
teratoma and yolk sac tumor, earlier, patients < 11 years but most are really < 4 years
type II GCT- key genet finding age
gain of 12p. Later in development. teens and adults
name 5 types of type II GCT
embryonal carcinoma, teratoma, choriocarcinoma, yolk sac tumor, seminoma
where are type 1 GCTs
boys- testes, girls- extragonadal
where are type II GCTs
gonadal and mediastinum in boys
what syndrome is associated with mediastinal GCT
klinefelter (47xxy)
2 stages of histology for GCT
seminoma vs non seminoma (called germinoma in females)
what tumors secrete AFP
yolk sac. sometimes embryonal carcinoma and immature teratoma
what tumors secrete BHCG
choriocarcinoma. sometimes embryonal carcinoma
what is choriocarcinoma syndrome
usually smart part of mixed GCT but if single phenotype, generally really metastatic. HUGE risk of spontaneous bleedingh
how to diagnose chorio
imaging (bleeding into lungs), ALWAYs image brain
t
treatment of chorio
initially stabilize with qa few days of cisplat/etop and leave out bleo
how to appropriately use serum biomarkers for prognostic value
POST OP
serum marker ovarian tumor stromal cell
inhibin B
when do you get a PET in GCT
seminomatous
which germ cell tumor is never poor risk
seminoma
mediastinal is always poor risk for what
NS-GCT
