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Valley Need to knows > Geriatrics > Flashcards

Geriatrics Flashcards

1
Q

aging is characterized by a varying, progressive loss of functional reserve in what organs

A

ALL

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2
Q

CV function declines ___% from 20-80yo

A

50%

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3
Q

peripheral vasculature has increased wall thickness, increased diameter, and consequent stiffening of the aorta and large arteries, leading to less ability to vasodilator. this all means what

A

arteries are less compliant

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4
Q

_______ is common d/t poorly complaint blood vessels, decreased CO, and increased Peripheral vascular resistance

A

Systemic HTN

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5
Q

Myocardial changes include what?

A

increased LV wall thickness
decreased myocardial compliance
thickening of aortic valve cusps

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6
Q

LV hypertrophy results from increased ______, secondary to elevated peripheral vascular resistance

A

Afterload

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7
Q

impaired myocardial pump function and reduced CO will prolong what?

A

circulation time (that is circulation time increases)

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8
Q

increased circulation time causes a decreased perfusion to the vessel rich group such as the

A

brain
heart
liver

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9
Q

what happens to the lung volume and capacity in the elderly:
RV

A

INCREASE

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10
Q

what happens to the lung volume and capacity in the elderly:
ERV

A

DECREASE

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11
Q

what happens to the lung volume and capacity in the elderly:
FRC

A

INCREASES

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12
Q

what happens to the lung volume and capacity in the elderly:
CC

A

INCREASES

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13
Q

what happens to the lung volume and capacity in the elderly:
IC

A

DECREASED

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14
Q

what happens to the lung volume and capacity in the elderly:
VC

A

DECREASED

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15
Q

what happens to the lung volume and capacity in the elderly:
TLC

A

NO CHANGE

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16
Q

the reduction in elastic tissue along with an increased amount of college equals a ___% reduction in functional alveolar surface area by age 70

A

15%

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17
Q

what happens to CBF and brain mass

A

decrease about 20-30% (by age 80)

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18
Q

what happens to cerebral auto regulation of blood flow

A

nothing-it is preserved

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19
Q

what happens to intracranial volume?

A

decreases

- the most rapid reduction occurring in gray matter

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20
Q

what happens to sensory block with spinals

A

increases

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21
Q

Do you need to increases or decrease the dosing for epidural segmental dosing

A

decrease

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22
Q

what happens to the doses for local and general anesthestics

A

decrease

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23
Q

epidural volume tends to result in more extensive ___ spread

A

cephalad

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24
Q

epidural volume tends to result in more extensive cephalad spread, but accompanied by a shorter _______ and _____

A

duration

motor block

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25
Q

what happens to spinal anesthetics duration of action

A

longer

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26
Q

what happens to MAC requirements

A

decreased MAC requirements

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27
Q

what happens to the dose requirements of opioids, bento’s, barb’s, LA

A

all decreases

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28
Q

what are 2 complications the elderly may face postop

A

POCD

Postop delerium

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29
Q

Pharmacology:

administration of a ___-soluble drug may lead to a concentrated drug and quick effects, bc the Vd is SMALL

A

water

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30
Q

Pharmacology:

if you admits a ____-solube drug you will get a lower plasma concentration and a decreased rate of elimination

A

Lipid

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31
Q

Pharmacology:
I’ll state the change and you give the anesthetic consequence:
Decreased/contracted vascular volume

A

high initial plasma concentration

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32
Q

Pharmacology:
I’ll state the change and you give the anesthetic consequence:
decreased protein binding

A

increased availability of free drug

33
Q

Pharmacology:
I’ll state the change and you give the anesthetic consequence:
increased body lipid storage sites

A

prolonged action of lipid soluble drugs

34
Q

Pharmacology:
I’ll state the change and you give the anesthetic consequence:
decreased renal and hepatic blood flow

A

prolonged action of drugs dependent on kidney and liver for elimination

35
Q

Pharmacology:

what are the only 2 real drugs that you have to increase the dose of and why

A

atropine- d/t increased vagal tone

isoproterenol (beta agonist)- adrenergic sensitivity decreases

36
Q

CV summary: increase or decrease

LV thivkness

37
Q

CV summary: increase or decrease

LV hypertrophy

38
Q

CV summary: increase or decrease

cardiac reserve

39
Q

CV summary: increase or decrease

cardiac output

40
Q

CV summary: increase or decrease

cardiax index

41
Q

CV summary: increase or decrease

resting HR

42
Q

CV summary: increase or decrease

LV wall tension

43
Q

CV summary: increase or decrease

afterload

44
Q

CV summary: increase or decrease

CV workload

45
Q

CV summary: increase or decrease

SYSTOLIC bp

46
Q

CV summary: increase or decrease

LV compliance

47
Q

CV summary: increase or decrease

stroke volume

48
Q

CV summary: increase or decrease

perfusion to vital organs

49
Q

CV summary: increase or decrease

peripheral vascular resistance

50
Q

CV summary: increase or decrease

circulation time

51
Q

CV summary: increase or decrease

chronotropic and inotropic effects

52
Q

CV summary: increase or decrease

conduction fibrosis and SA node cell loss

53
Q

CV summary: increase or decrease

incidence of dysrhythmias

54
Q

CV summary: increase or decrease

Vagal tone

55
Q

CV summary: increase or decrease

Baroreceptor fiunction

56
Q

CV summary: increase or decrease

Adreergic sensitivity

57
Q

CV summary: increase or decrease

systolic HTN

58
Q

Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease

vocal cord stimulation for closure

59
Q

Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease

elastin fiber elasticity

A

decreeases

60
Q

Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease

tissue elasticity

61
Q

Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease

Lung recoil

62
Q

Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease

Airway obstruction

63
Q

Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease

risk of aspiration

64
Q

Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease

Pulmonary compliances

65
Q

Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease

Physiological deadspace

66
Q

Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease

alveolar functional surface area

67
Q

Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease

ability to cough

68
Q

Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease

chest wall compliance

69
Q 
Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease
Vital Capacity (VC)
70
Q

Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease

work of breathing

71
Q

Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease

hypoxia potential

72
Q

Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease

FRC

73
Q

Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease

Hypoxia and hypercapnia responses

74
Q

Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease

protective reflexes

75
Q

Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease

Closing volume and closing capacity

76
Q

Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease

Alveolar compliance

77
Q

Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease

opiod respiratory depression

78
Q

Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease

Cervical spine and TMJ mobilty

79
Q

Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease

ease of mask ventilation

Valley Need to knows (25 decks)

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