Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

PCM Final > Geriatric > Flashcards

Geriatric Flashcards

(51 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Patient has difficulty hearing, vision, speech and is above 65 what would you suspect

A

CVA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe Generaly physical exam for geriatrics

A

assess diet and fluid status

take pulse and blood pressure, atherosclerosis and tissue perfusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are common findings on geriatric HEENT

A 
temporal arteritis
decreased lens accommodation
presbycusis
poor dentition/false teeth
decreased olfaction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how do kyphotic changes affect lung capacity

A

decrease it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the systolic murmurs cause by usually in people above 80 y/o

A

aortic stenosis, aortic sclerosis, mitral regurgitation, atrial septal defects, tricuspid regurgitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

how do compression fractures of the abdominal exam present

A

atypical and asymptomatic

perforation, ischemia, inflammatory and bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are common findings in geriatric GU exam

A

prostatic hypertrophy

vaginal and labial atrophy(squamous cell cancer, vaginal bleeding)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are common findings in geriatric Neuro exam

A

olfaction, cognition, gag/speech, gait

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the focus of geriatric care

A

reduce nursing home placement, reduce hospitalization

socio-economic issues: aging, limited income

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What lab tests do you take when a geriatric patient comes in after falling

A

CBC, blood chemistries, EKG, HBA1C, Holter monitor, Vit D(mm weakness and function impairment in addition to increased incidence of osteoporosis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are Tx for a patient who has falls

A 
PT or OT
brain imaging
medication review
pacemaker
treat underlying conditions
murmurs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are some of the common consequences from patient who falls

A

subdural hematoma
fracture- hip
nursing home placement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are types of urinary incontinence

A

stress, urge, overflow and functional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the last resort Tx for urinary incontinence

A

foley, catheters are poor choice for management- last resort

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the consequences of Diapers for urinary incontinence

A

drugs, infection, atrophic vaginitis, psychiatric, endocrine, restricted mobility, stool impaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what type of medication helps with urge incontinence

A

anticholinergic medication, detrusor mm instability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the Tx for stress urinary incontinence

A

kegel exercises
estrogens
alpha adrenergic agonists
surgery urethropexy or pubovaginal slings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what can cause overflow incontinence

A

fecal impaction
prostatic enlargment
post void residual urine volume is elevated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is Tx for overflow incontinence Tx

A

finasteride, alpha adrenergic antagonists

suprapubic pressure, valsalva maneuver, intermittent catheterization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is the definition of constipation

A

fewer than 3 evacuations a week

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what drugs can cause constipation

Study These Flashcards
A

opiates, anticholinergics, antidopaminergic, calcium channel blockers

22
Q

what are mechanical causes of constipation

Study These Flashcards
A

tumor, prolapse, adhesions

23
Q

what are neuro causes of constipation

24
Q

what are the systemic causes of constipation

Study These Flashcards
A

hypothyroid, diabetes, inflammatory, electrolyte disorders

25
What lab tests do you order for constipation
electrolytes, BUN, creatinine, TSH, Ca colonoscopy Ab x-ray CT of abdomen
26
What is the general Tx for constipation
``` bulk laxatives osmotic agents enemas stool softeners hydration maintaining physical activity ```
27
for Tx induced opiate constipation what is the Tx
peristaltic stimulants
28
What are pressure ulcers
ischemic soft tissue injury over a boney prominence
29
what are risk factors for pressure ulcers
imobility, poor nutritional status, incontinence, vascular insufficiency, altered level of consciousness
30
What is the braden scale
risk assessment tool for pressure ulcers
31
What are the stages of pressure ulcers
stage1: intact skin with non-blanchable redness stage2: partial thickness loss, open ulcer or blister with a pink wound bed stage3: full thickness tissue loss, subcutaneous tissue present, tunneling and slough stage 4: full thickness with exposed underlying structures, bone, muscle, tendon
32
what is an unstageable pressure ulcer
covered by slough and/or eschar and underlying structures cannot be visualized.
33
What is the Tx for pressure ulcers
Tx | moist dressings
34
if a pressure ulcer is not healing, what could be the root cause
osteomyelitis
35
What are characterizations of dementia
loss of memory, language, visuospatial orientation, executive function
36
what is the risk of losing olfaction
won;t smell spoiled food
37
what is presbycusis
high frequency hearing
38
What are reversible causes of dementia
B-12 deficiencies, normal pressure hydrocephalus, neurosyphilis, hypothyroidism, seizure disorder
39
what are types of dementia
``` multi-infarct (vascular) lewy body dementia alcoholic dementia parkingsons alzheimers pseudo-dementia(depression) Picks disease ```
40
What are the Basic Activities of Daily Livings, ADLs
eating, dressing, bathing, grooming, urinary and bowel continence, mobility
41
What are the instrumental activities of daily livings
Telephone use, meal preparation, shopping, medication administration and financial management
42
What are the labs for dementia
image brain, CBC, BMP, TSH, VDRL, B-12 level, EEG, GDS
43
what type of medications are used for dementia
cholinesterase inhibitors, NMDA receptor antagonists, antidepressants (SSRIs and SNRIs)
44
what are the downsides of restraints for dementia
contributes to physical reconditioning, pressure sores, depression, disorientation
45
what is polypharmacy
greater than 5 medications
46
What are the 2 focuses of caire in nursing homes
short stay rehab and long term care
47
What are the POLST orders
Physicians ORders for life sustaining Tx
48
Does bladder cancer present with hematuria? incontinence?
hematuris yes | incontinence no
49
does renal cancer present with hematuria? incontinence?
hematuria yes, | incontinence, no
50
what are anticholinergic medications used for in reference to incontinence
for detrusor m instability | reduces voiding frequency
51
patient with falling episodes, urinating at night, hypertension and severe systolic murmur on HTN drugs, orthostatic BP drop what do you order
echocardiogram-- aortic stenosis

PCM Final (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions