Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PCM Final > Geriatric > Flashcards

Geriatric Flashcards

1
Q

Patient has difficulty hearing, vision, speech and is above 65 what would you suspect

A

CVA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe Generaly physical exam for geriatrics

A

assess diet and fluid status

take pulse and blood pressure, atherosclerosis and tissue perfusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are common findings on geriatric HEENT

A 
temporal arteritis
decreased lens accommodation
presbycusis
poor dentition/false teeth
decreased olfaction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how do kyphotic changes affect lung capacity

A

decrease it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the systolic murmurs cause by usually in people above 80 y/o

A

aortic stenosis, aortic sclerosis, mitral regurgitation, atrial septal defects, tricuspid regurgitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

how do compression fractures of the abdominal exam present

A

atypical and asymptomatic

perforation, ischemia, inflammatory and bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are common findings in geriatric GU exam

A

prostatic hypertrophy

vaginal and labial atrophy(squamous cell cancer, vaginal bleeding)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are common findings in geriatric Neuro exam

A

olfaction, cognition, gag/speech, gait

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the focus of geriatric care

A

reduce nursing home placement, reduce hospitalization

socio-economic issues: aging, limited income

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What lab tests do you take when a geriatric patient comes in after falling

A

CBC, blood chemistries, EKG, HBA1C, Holter monitor, Vit D(mm weakness and function impairment in addition to increased incidence of osteoporosis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are Tx for a patient who has falls

A 
PT or OT
brain imaging
medication review
pacemaker
treat underlying conditions
murmurs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are some of the common consequences from patient who falls

A

subdural hematoma
fracture- hip
nursing home placement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are types of urinary incontinence

A

stress, urge, overflow and functional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the last resort Tx for urinary incontinence

A

foley, catheters are poor choice for management- last resort

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the consequences of Diapers for urinary incontinence

A

drugs, infection, atrophic vaginitis, psychiatric, endocrine, restricted mobility, stool impaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what type of medication helps with urge incontinence

A

anticholinergic medication, detrusor mm instability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the Tx for stress urinary incontinence

A

kegel exercises
estrogens
alpha adrenergic agonists
surgery urethropexy or pubovaginal slings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what can cause overflow incontinence

A

fecal impaction
prostatic enlargment
post void residual urine volume is elevated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is Tx for overflow incontinence Tx

A

finasteride, alpha adrenergic antagonists

suprapubic pressure, valsalva maneuver, intermittent catheterization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is the definition of constipation

A

fewer than 3 evacuations a week

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what drugs can cause constipation

A

opiates, anticholinergics, antidopaminergic, calcium channel blockers

22
Q

what are mechanical causes of constipation

A

tumor, prolapse, adhesions

23
Q

what are neuro causes of constipation

A

CVA, MS

24
Q

what are the systemic causes of constipation

A

hypothyroid, diabetes, inflammatory, electrolyte disorders

25
Q

What lab tests do you order for constipation

A

electrolytes, BUN, creatinine, TSH, Ca
colonoscopy
Ab x-ray
CT of abdomen

26
Q

What is the general Tx for constipation

A 
bulk laxatives
osmotic agents
enemas
stool softeners
hydration
maintaining physical activity
27
Q

for Tx induced opiate constipation what is the Tx

A

peristaltic stimulants

28
Q

What are pressure ulcers

A

ischemic soft tissue injury over a boney prominence

29
Q

what are risk factors for pressure ulcers

A

imobility, poor nutritional status, incontinence, vascular insufficiency, altered level of consciousness

30
Q

What is the braden scale

A

risk assessment tool for pressure ulcers

31
Q

What are the stages of pressure ulcers

A

stage1: intact skin with non-blanchable redness
stage2: partial thickness loss, open ulcer or blister with a pink wound bed
stage3: full thickness tissue loss, subcutaneous tissue present, tunneling and slough
stage 4: full thickness with exposed underlying structures, bone, muscle, tendon

32
Q

what is an unstageable pressure ulcer

A

covered by slough and/or eschar and underlying structures cannot be visualized.

33
Q

What is the Tx for pressure ulcers

A

Tx

moist dressings

34
Q

if a pressure ulcer is not healing, what could be the root cause

A

osteomyelitis

35
Q

What are characterizations of dementia

A

loss of memory, language, visuospatial orientation, executive function

36
Q

what is the risk of losing olfaction

A

won;t smell spoiled food

37
Q

what is presbycusis

A

high frequency hearing

38
Q

What are reversible causes of dementia

A

B-12 deficiencies, normal pressure hydrocephalus, neurosyphilis, hypothyroidism, seizure disorder

39
Q

what are types of dementia

A 
multi-infarct (vascular)
lewy body dementia
alcoholic dementia
parkingsons
alzheimers
pseudo-dementia(depression)
Picks disease
40
Q

What are the Basic Activities of Daily Livings, ADLs

A

eating, dressing, bathing, grooming, urinary and bowel continence, mobility

41
Q

What are the instrumental activities of daily livings

A

Telephone use, meal preparation, shopping, medication administration and financial management

42
Q

What are the labs for dementia

A

image brain, CBC, BMP, TSH, VDRL, B-12 level, EEG, GDS

43
Q

what type of medications are used for dementia

A

cholinesterase inhibitors, NMDA receptor antagonists, antidepressants (SSRIs and SNRIs)

44
Q

what are the downsides of restraints for dementia

A

contributes to physical reconditioning, pressure sores, depression, disorientation

45
Q

what is polypharmacy

A

greater than 5 medications

46
Q

What are the 2 focuses of caire in nursing homes

A

short stay rehab and long term care

47
Q

What are the POLST orders

A

Physicians ORders for life sustaining Tx

48
Q

Does bladder cancer present with hematuria? incontinence?

A

hematuris yes

incontinence no

49
Q

does renal cancer present with hematuria? incontinence?

A

hematuria yes,

incontinence, no

50
Q

what are anticholinergic medications used for in reference to incontinence

A

for detrusor m instability

reduces voiding frequency

51
Q

patient with falling episodes, urinating at night, hypertension and severe systolic murmur
on HTN drugs, orthostatic BP drop what do you order

A

echocardiogram– aortic stenosis

PCM Final (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions