Derm exam

Question 1

What is the largest organ of body

Answer 1

skin

Question 2

what is the function of skin

Answer 2

protection, controls body temp
synthesizes Vit D
provides boundary for fluids

Question 3

What are the appendages of skin

Answer 3

hair, nails, sebaceous glands, sweat glands

Question 4

what is a primary lesion

Answer 4

first recognizable skin lesion or involved basic skin changes

Question 5

what is a secondary lesion

Answer 5

evolve from primary, either because natrual history of disorder or scratchin or infection

Question 6

what does distribution of skin lesion refer to

Answer 6

where on body

Question 7

what are the types of hair on skin

Answer 7

vellus- short fine, inconspicuous

terminal- coarser, thicker and pigmented

Question 8

what are the 3 growth phases for hair

Answer 8

catagen- transitional
telogen- resting
anagen- growing (85-90%)

Question 9

what is the lunula of nail

Answer 9

white part near bed

Question 10

What is clubbing of nails

Answer 10

rounding of nail, soft and spongy

Question 11

what can cause clubbing of nails

Answer 11

congenital
chronic hypoxia
heart disease
lung cancer
hepatic cirrhosis

Question 12

what causes small pits in the nails

Answer 12

psoriasis

Question 13

what are Mees lines and Beaus lines

Answer 13

emerge from proximal nail folds that may indicate acute or chronic illness, mees are just extra white, beaus are sort of damaged looking

Question 14

what do you call yellowq looking skin

Answer 14

carotene

Question 15

what can cause skin to appear red

Answer 15

CO poisoning, polycythemia

Question 16

what are the organelles that have melanin

Answer 16

melanosomes

Question 17

flexor atopic rashes are seen wehre

Answer 17

knee and elbow flexor joint

Question 18

extensor psoriasis rashes are seen where

Answer 18

knee cap and elbow

Question 19

herpes zoster appears how dermatologically

Answer 19

dermatome pattern

Question 20

rash in armpit area usually is what

Answer 20

hidradenitis supporitiva

Question 21

rashes on sole of feet or palm of hand is usually what

Answer 21

syphillis

Question 22

What is vitiligo

Answer 22

loss of pigmentation of skin

Question 23

what is a maccule

Answer 23

small flat spot, less than 1 cm

Question 24

what is a patch

Answer 24

falt spot or leaions greater than 1 cm

Question 25

what is a papule

Answer 25

raised lesion up to 1 cm

Question 26

what is a plaque

Answer 26

raised lesion greater than 1 cm

Question 27

what is a nodule

Answer 27

firm, hard lesion, deeper than papule, greater than 0.5cm

Question 28

what is a cyst

Answer 28

nodule filled with material, liquid or semi-solid often encapsulated

Question 29

what are vesicles

Answer 29

fluid filled lesions less than 1 cm

Question 30

what is a bulla

Answer 30

fluid filled lesion greater than 1 cm

Question 31

what is a wheal

Answer 31

superficial localized area od skin, blanche with pressure

Question 32

what is a pustule

Answer 32

open lesions filled with pus

Question 33

What is crust

Answer 33

dried residues of skin exudates like serum, pus or blood

Question 34

what is lichenification

Answer 34

thickening of epidermis and roughing of skin surface often from rubbing or scratching

Question 35

what is excoriation

Answer 35

linear erosions caused by scratching

Question 36

what is koebner phenomena

Answer 36

skin trauma from scratching may cause new lesions

Question 37

what is a fissure

Answer 37

linear crack in skin

Question 38

what is an ulcer

Answer 38

deeper loss of epidermis

Question 39

if the rash is geographic what could it be

Answer 39

mycosis fungoides

Question 40

if the rash has a darker outline and pale in the center in rings what could it be

Answer 40

tinea corporis

Question 41

what does tinea faciale look like

Answer 41

annular and expands circumferentially. darker red on outline

Question 42

where does heliotrope show up dermatologically

Answer 42

over and around eyelids

Question 43

what type of prep do you use for fungus or infected skin

Answer 43

KOH

Question 44

what type of smear do you use for herpes

Answer 44

Tzanck

Question 45

80% of all skin cancers are what

Answer 45

basal cell

Question 46

What is the ABCDE for melanoma

Answer 46

``` asymmetry irregular borders change in color diameter elevation ```

Question 47

describe characterization of basal cell carcinoma

Answer 47

pearl white, domed shape papule with telangiectasias | center can ulcerate becoming a "rodent ulcer"

Question 48

what can squamous cell carcinoma develop from

Answer 48

actinic keratoses