Eye Exam- 7?s Flashcards
What could be the cause of a sudden loss of vision
retinal detachment, vitreous hemorrhage
central retinal artery occlusion, CVA (stroke), trauma
what could be the cause of gradual loss of vision
aging, cataracts, glaucoma, HIV-CMV, autoimmune disease, DM, congenital, macular degeneration, neoplasm, pseudotumor cerebri
what is hyperopia, myopia?
hyperopia- farsightedness
myopia- nearsightedness
what is presbyopia
aging vision- loss of accomodation
what is heterophoria
failure of visual axes to remain parallel
esophoria- deviates inward
exophoria- deviates outward
What is included in examination of they eye
visual acuity, color blindness, visual field testing, external examination, conjunctiva and sclera, cornea, lens, pupil, EOM and opthalmoscopic exam
What is the chart used for far vision. near vision
far- snellen 20 ft away
near- and held 14 inches
What is the mechanical vision tester
titmus vision tester
OD is what
oculus dexter, right eye
OS is what
oculus sinister, left eye
oculus uterque is what
both eyes
what is entropion and extropion of the eyelids
entropion- eyelid turns inward
extropion- eyelid turns outward
a blue sclera is indicative of what
osteogenesis imperfecta
What is aniscoria
unequal pupils
one is greater than 0.5mm
What is a pinguecula
small nodule on bulbar conjunctiva, does not cross over to cornea
what is a pterygium
thickening of bulbar conjunctiva which grows across cornea
what is a sty
infection at margin of eyelid
what is a chalazion
painless nodule involving meibomian gland
what is xanthelasma
flat yellow plaques found under due
associated with hyperlipidemias
What is Tx for conjunctivitis
topical antibiotic
what is a subconjunctival hemorrhage
leakage of blood under conjunctiva, painless sharply demarcated
What is ciliary injection
inflammation of radiating vessels around limbus
painful, vision affected
What is hyphema
blood under anterior chamber due to trauma
What is papilledema
disc swollen with blurred margins- increased intracranial P
What are the HTN changes in the eye
focal narrowing of vessels
AV nicking
cotton wool patches
what are cotton wool patches in wyw
infarcted nerve fibers
