Geriatric Flashcards
Advanced Activities of Daily Living (AADLs)
Complex measures if functional status; Working Volunteering Social Activities Recreational activities Connection with peers and community
Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs)
Activities that contribute to independent functioning: SHAFT
Shopping
housekeeping (cooking, laundry, vacuuming…) and health maintenance activities (medical appointments, medications, ect.)
Accounting
Food preparation
Transportation
Activities of Daily Living (ADLs)
Basic Self care activities: DEATH Dressing Eating (self-feeding) Ambulating Transferring and toileting Hygiene
Examples of functional assessment tools
Katz ADL scale, Barthel index, Kenny Self-care scale, IADL scale, timed manual performance, performance test ADL, Framingham Disability Scale, Lawton scale
Protein needed/ day
at least 0.8g/kg/day
Diseases to consider calcium
certain cancers, nephrolithiasis, hyperparathyroidism
BMI values
Underweight= - 30%
Medications that increase appetite
Antidepressants, tranquilizers, beta adregnergic agents, narcoleptics, hormones, steroids
normal albumin level
3.5-5. Less than 3.5% indicates protein malnutrition
normal pre albumin level
normal 16-35
normal transferrin level
normal >200 (a plasma protein that transports iron through the blood to liver, spleen, and bone marrow. tested to determine cause of anemia, to examine iron metabolism, , and to determine iron capacity of the blood.
Total lymphocyte count normal value
normal 1200-1800
medications that may interfere with libido
pharmacotherapy for hypertension (especially beta blockers)
Phosphodiesterase inhibitors and other sexual enhancement options
Sildenafil (viagra), vardenafil (Levitra), Tadalafil (cialis), Avanafil (stendra), testosterone replacement, and lubrication options
Fever with infection in older adults
50% of older adults present without fever
definition of pharmacokinetics
Study of how the body interacts with drugs, including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion
antacid direction
take antacids 1 hour before or 4 hours after other medications
pharmacodynamics definition
study of how drugs interact with the body
Common CNS adverse reactions seen in the elderly
sedation, memory loss, dizziness, depression and confusion
Common adverse anticholinergic effects seen with the elderly
Blurred vision, urinary retention, consultation, dry mouth
Drugs causing CNS adverse effects
Benzodiazepines, antipsychotics, beta-blockers, steroids, CIMETIDINE, narcotics, diuretics
Drugs with Anticholinergic adverse effects
Cholingergic agonists, tricyclic antidepressants, antipsychotics
drugs with adverse effects on balance and movement
Neuroleptics, metronidazole, phenytoin, aspirin, aminoglycosides, furosemide, beta-blockers, vasodilators, metoclopromide
drugs with adverse effects on bone and supporting structures
steroids, heparin, lithium
Cimetidine complicates for polypharmacy
Inhibts CYO450 in the liver, prolonging the effects of others drugs in the body
Decongestants complications in polypharmacy
antagonizes the activity of hypertensives; are anticholinergic
Non-Steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs complications
decreases renal blood flow, further reducing elimination of many drugs
Niacin complications on polypharmacy
May exacerbate the effect on hypertensives
Antacids complications on polypharmacy
May absorb other oral agents, reducing their absorbance across the gut wall
Laxative effects on polypharmacy
May chelate other drugs so they cannot be absorbed, may increase gut motility, may reduce the absorbance of some drugs
Calcium effects on polypharmacy
may decrease the absorption of thyroid hormones, tetracyclines, and others
