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Earth Science > Geologic Time Scale > Flashcards

Geologic Time Scale Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

A single eon covers a period of

A

half a billion years

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2
Q

Paleozoic Era was ______________ years ago

A

554 million years

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3
Q

Mesozoic Era was _____________ years ago

A

250 million

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4
Q

Visible life where rapid expansion and evolution of life forms occur and fill the various ecological niches available on Earth.

A

Phanerozoic Eon

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5
Q

Extinction of over 90% of living organisms including trilobites

A

Mesozoic Era

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6
Q

6 Mass Extinction Events

A
  • Late Ordovician Extinction Event
  • Late Devonian Extinction Events
  • Permian-Triassic Extinction Event
  • Triassic-Jurassic Extinction Event
  • Cretaceous-Paleogene Extinction Event
  • (Holocene Extinction)
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7
Q

66-65 mya

A

Paleocene

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8
Q

It is the subdivision of eons. Spans a several Hundred Millions of years

A

Eras

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9
Q

Time of Ancient life

A

Paleozoic

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10
Q

Jurassic period lasted _________________

A

206-144 million yrs ago.

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11
Q

6 major Periods of Paleozoic Era

A
  • Cambrian
  • Ordovician
  • Silurian
  • Devonian
  • Carboniferous
  • Permian
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12
Q

Dominated by Sauropods (long necks and tails), and Theropods (bipedal carnivorous Dinosaurs). Feathered dinosaurs first appeared

A

Jurassic Period

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13
Q

Geologists have divided Earth’s history into a ________________________________________ using significant events in the history of Earth.

A

series of time intervals

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14
Q

Warm, moist climate conditions contributed to lush vegetation and dense swampy forests. Insects undergo rapid evolution led to such diverse forms of giant cockroaches and dragonflies.

A

Carboniferous Period

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15
Q

the earliest well developed circulatory system (vascular plants) known as ______________ id found during Silurian Period

A

Cooksonia

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16
Q

There were extensive shallow epicontinental seas and rocks that are less metamorphosed than Archean age

A

Proterozoic Eon

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17
Q

Cenozoic era was ___________ years ago.

A

65 million years

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18
Q
  • Wooly Mammoths, Wooly Rhinoceros
  • Saber tooth tigers
  • Elephants
  • H. Habilis
  • H. erectus
  • Other homo species
A

Pleistocene

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19
Q

The two major groups of reptiles – diapsids and synapsids dominated this period.

A

Permian Period

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20
Q

Paleogene Period Epochs

A
  • Paleocene
  • Eocene
  • Oligocene
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21
Q

Spans hundred million years

A

Periods

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22
Q

This period brought the emergence of terrestrial life

A

Silurian

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23
Q

2.5 mya- 12 kya

A

Pleistocene

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24
Q

As plants move ashore so did other terrestrial organisms. Air-breathing scorpions and millipedes were common during the period.

A

Silurian period

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25
Q

Extinction of dinosaurs and many other organisms.

A

Cenozoic Era

26
Q

Spans ten million of years.

A

Epochs

27
Q

Dominated by the dinosaurs (duck billed & horned). Tyrannosaurus Rex is found during this period.

A

Cretaceous Period

28
Q

First appearance of organisms with hard parts.

A

Paleozoic Era

29
Q
  • Ancestral Bats
  • Ancestral Elephants
  • Cetaceans and Sirenians
  • Eohippus (first horse)
  • Perissodactyls (odd-toed)
  • Artiodactyls (Even-toed)
A

Eocene

30
Q
  • Rodents
  • Condylarths
  • Primates
  • First Hare/ Rabbits
  • Creodonts (catlike & doglike animals)
A

Paleocene

31
Q

Largest intervals of geologic time.

A

Eons

32
Q

Age of Dinosaurs & Age of Conifers

A

Mesozoic Era

33
Q

Diapsids gave rise to the

A

Dinosaurs

34
Q

33-23 mya

A

Oligocene

35
Q

This period was known as the “age of fishes”.

A

Devonian Period

36
Q

The environment was dominated by the therapsids (mammal-like reptiles) and Thecodonts (ancestors of dinosaur)

A

Triassic Period

37
Q

Time of Middle Life

A

Mesozoic

38
Q

Sharks, fishes and marine Reptiles

A

Triassic Period

39
Q

They developed during Devonian Period

A

Sharks and bony fishes

40
Q

Age of mammals

A

Cenozoic Era

41
Q

Age of reptiles

A

Mesozoic Era

42
Q

Period where life was first formed on earth (Archean & Bacteria)

A

Archean Eon

43
Q

Periods during Mesozoic Era

A
  • Triassic
  • Jurassic
  • Cretaceous
44
Q

Cretaceous Period lasted _____________.

A

144-65 million years ago.

45
Q

a system of chronological measurement that relates stratigraphy to time. It is used by geologists to describe the timing and relationships between events that have occurred throughout Earth’s history.

A

Geologic Time Scale

46
Q

12 kya- present

A

Holocene

47
Q

55-34 mya

A

Eocene

48
Q

Almost all marine organisms came into existence as evidenced by abundant fossils.

A

Cambrian Perios

49
Q
  • Mesohippus and Miohippus
  • Mastodons (Mammoth ancestors)
  • Parapithecus (New World Monkeys)
  • Indricotherium (Largest mammal)
A

Oligocene

50
Q

Just before proliferation of complex life on Earth.

A

Proterozoic Eon

51
Q

_________________ have distinction of occurring at the highest elevation on Earth – the top of Mount Everest.

A

Ordovician Rocks

52
Q

Earth cooled down and was able to support continents and oceans.

A

Archean Eon

53
Q

Specific Event happened in Paleozoic Era

A

The Cambrian Explosion

54
Q

This period marked the earliest appearance of vertebrates and the jawless fish known as Agnatha

A

Ordovician

55
Q

Time of recent life

A

Cenozoic

56
Q

Gymnosperms, cycadeoids, cycads, gingkoes, conifers

A

Triassic Period

57
Q

Lowland forests of seed ferns, scale trees and true ferns flourished.

A

Devonian Period

58
Q

Important event in Cambrian Period is the ability of organisms to secrete ____________________ and __________________ for formation of _________

A

calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate, shell

59
Q

Synapsids gave rise to

A

Mammals

60
Q

Neogene Period Epochs

A

Miocene, Pliocene, Holocene

Earth Science (13 decks)

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