Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Geology > Geologic Time > Flashcards

Geologic Time Flashcards

1
Q

Relative Dates

A

Sequence of Formation (non numerical dates)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Principle of Superposition

A

•In an undeformed sequence of sedimentary rocks, each bed is older than the one above and younger than the one below

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Principle of Inclusiuon

A

Fragments of one rock unit enclosed within another rock unit; rock containing inclusion is younger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Unconfirmity

A

brteak in rock record produced by nodeposition and erosion of rock units

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Angular Unconformity

A

Tiled rocks are overlain by flat-lying rocks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Isotope (2)

A

Different neutron number/mass number (total)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Disconformity

A

Sedimentary Strata at either side of the nonconformity are parallel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Nonconformity

A

Sedimentary Strata overlay metamorphic or igenous rock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Principles of Faunal Succession

A

so known as the law of faunal succession, is based on the observation that sedimentary rock strata contain fossilized flora and fauna, and that these fossils succeed each other vertically in a specific, reliable order that can be identified over wide horizontal distances.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Index Fossils

A

Widespread geographically, limited to short period of geologic time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Fossil Assemblages

A

Can be used to identify a r rock bed that does not contain and index fossil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Metamorphic Grade

A

Degree to which parent rock changes: progress from low grade (temp, pressure) to high grade (temp, pressure)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Metamorphic rock Definition

A

transition of one rock to another by temperatures or pressures unlike those in which it was form. Changes in minerology from parent rock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Parent Rock->Metamorphic Rock (2)

A

Pressure/Heat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Foliation

A

Describes any planar arrangement of mineral grains or structural features within a rock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Correlation

A

Matching of rocks of similar ages from different regions: position of bed in a sequence of strata: match rocks of similar ages from different regions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Principle of Fossil Succession

A

states that fossils are arranged according to their age

18
Q

Fossil Succession Examples

A

Age of Triboilites, Fishes, Repitiles, Mammals

19
Q

Shells of Organisms

A

can be used to infer positions of ancient shorelines and seawater temperatures

20
Q

Corals

A

can be used to indicate former temperature of the water

21
Q

daughter products

A

Isotopes resulting from the decay of a parent are termed the

22
Q

parent

A

unstable radioactive isotope

23
Q

Parent:Daughter

A

The ratio between parent and daughter isotopes in a rock is used to determine its numerical age

24
Q

PArent:Daughter = 1:1

A

Half life passed

25
Q

Stable

A

Daughter Isotope

26
Q

sedimentary rocks can rarely be dated by radiometric means so…

A

geologists must rely on igneous rocks in strata

27
Q

Bracketing episodes in earth’s history

A

relative dating from igneous to sedimentary rocks

28
Q

Disconformity between

A

horizontal sedimentary

29
Q

Nonconfrmity between

A

younger sedimentary and older igenous/metamorphic

30
Q

Principle of Cross Cutting

A

Faults/Intruions within (DIKES) are younger

31
Q

Xenolith

A

•When magma intrudes a rock mass, blocks of that rock may become dislodged and incorporated into the magma

32
Q

Uplift and Erosion followed by

A

angular unconformity (subsidence and renewed deposition)

33
Q

Beta emssion

A

•beta particle ejected from the atom

34
Q

Beta particle

A

election

35
Q

Alpha Emission

A

alpha emmited

36
Q

alpha particle

A

two protons/two neutrons

37
Q

Electron Capture

A

electron captured combines with proton to become neutron

38
Q

Conformable layers

A

no break in rock record

39
Q

flat layers

A

not deformed

40
Q

rock layers that are deformed

A

deformed after deposition

41
Q

Principle of Lateral Continuity

A
  • Beds originate as continuous layers that extend in all directions until they eventually thin out or grade into a different sediment type
  • When a river carves a canyon, we can assume that similar strata on either side were once connected across the span of the canyon

Geology (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions