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Geologic forces Flashcards

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1
Q

why did the UN create the UNSDG and what does it stand for?

A

to make the world a better place by maintaining peace and security. The “United Nations Sustainable Development Goals”

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2
Q

how does the quality of life change between different countries

A

canada- free healthcare, homes/houses, fresh food clean water
poorer countries- no healthcare, no homes/poorly built, no food and no access to clean water

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3
Q

oldest place in Canada?

A

Canadian shield

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4
Q

flow of energy inside the earth

A

convection currents

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5
Q

means “mountain,” found in western Canada

A

western cordillera

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6
Q

time from the formation of the earth to present day

A

geologic time

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7
Q

formed globally by heat from the earth’s core

A

global hotspots

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8
Q

existed around 135 million years ago

A

Laurasia and Gondwana

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9
Q

Hudson Bay… landform region

A

lowlands

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10
Q

melted rock that filled the Sudbury Basin

A

magma

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11
Q

second most recent era

A

mesozoic

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12
Q

was 10km wide and formed the Sudbury basin

A

meteroroid

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13
Q

means “all lands,” existed 200 million years ago

A

pangea

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14
Q

large slabs of rock that make up the earth’s crust

A

plates

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15
Q

the study of movement of large crustal slabs

A

plate tectonics

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16
Q

oldest era of geologic time

A

precambrian

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17
Q

has different characteristics than other places

A

region

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18
Q

area where there are many earthquakes and volcanos

A

pacific ring of fire

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19
Q

scientist who studies seismic waves

A

seismologist

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20
Q

where one plate sides below another

A

subduction zone

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21
Q

mining centre sits in huge crater formed by meteorite

A

the Sudbury basin

22
Q

how do volcanos change landscapes

A

basalt floods (lays dense layers of rock) cinder, pumice and ash build up can create volcanic mountains

23
Q

how do earthquakes change landscapes

A

warping of the ground, abruptly moved hill sides, and some areas can move upward

24
Q

who created continental drift

A

Alfred L. Wegener

25
Q

what does J. Tuzo Wilson theory state

A

it states that the earth’s outer shell consists of plates that move causing earthquakes, mountains, volcanoes, and new formation of new crusts

26
Q

in what year did evidence prove continental drift

A

in the 1960’s

27
Q

what is Pangea and the meaning?

A

a super continent (all continents combined that’s 200 million years old) means “all land”

28
Q

what’s geology

A

the study of the earth, the materials used to make it, the structure of those materials and the processes acting upon them

29
Q

what’s some support for continental drift

A

-continents fit together like a puzzle (America and Africa)
-fossils evidence (same fossils different continents like mesosaurus found in Africa and South America),
similar rocks, different mountain ranges (Appalachian mountain- eastern US and the caledonian mountains- British isles),
-ice sheets (same scars),
-location of coal (coal has been found in temperate and polar regions; however, coal is formed in tropical regions

30
Q

what are the four main parts of our earth

A

inter core, outer core, crust, and mantel

31
Q

name 3 processes by which the crust is built

A

earthquakes, volcanoes, and folding/faulting

32
Q

name 3 processes by which the crust is eroded

A

wind, rain and ice

33
Q

what are plates?

A

large slabs of rock that makes up the earths crust (they move slowly)

34
Q

where are volcanic and earthquake activities found in North America

A

along the plate boundaries

35
Q

two examples of major drainage systems in north America

A

Great Lakes and Mississippi

36
Q

how are people changing the face of north america

A

deforestation, mining, and herborisation

37
Q

what’s the Canadian shields type of rock and major use

A
  • the root of ancient mountains
  • made of igneous rock (cooled magma)
  • gold, copper, nickel (they mine)
38
Q

what’s the type of rock in the appalachians, and the major use

A
  • paleozoic era
  • sedimentary rock (compressed sediment)
  • coal, oil and natural gas
39
Q

what’s the type of rock from the cordillera and the use

A
  • mesozoic era
  • sedimentary and igneous rock
  • gold
40
Q

what does a volcanologist do

A

its a geologist that studies volcanoes

41
Q

what are the dangers of a volcanologist

A

possible eruptions and inhaling toxic fumes

42
Q

what are the factors that determine climate in the lower lakes region

A

Lake Erie (large body of water), latitude, wind + air masses and the polar jet stream

43
Q

what climate region do we live in

A

lower lakes region

44
Q

what is located near the Pacific Ocean?

A

The ring of fire

45
Q

how old is earth predicted to be?

A

4.6 billion

46
Q

oldest landform region

A

Canadian Shield

47
Q

how to convection currents move plates?

A

convection currents move the magma in a circular motion which moves the plates. this is called plate tectonics

48
Q

what weathering causes rocks to crack

A

mechanical weathering

49
Q

what’s the current geologic time

A

cenozoic

50
Q

the oldest era of geologic time

A

precambrian

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