Geologic Extremes Flashcards
Coldest Temperature Recorded
-89.2 degrees Celsius in Vostok Station, Antartica
Deepest Borehole
12,262 m below surface - Kola Superdeep Borehole in Russia
Deepest Cave
7,208 ft deep - Krubera Cave in Georgia
Deepest Mine
4 km below surface - Mponeng Gold Mine, South Africa
Deepest Point in the Ocean
11,032 m below sea level - Challenger Deep, Pacific
Driest Desert
15mm annual Rainfall - Atacama Desert
Farthest Peak from the Earth’s Center
6,310m above sea level - Mount Chimborazo, Ecuador
Flattest Place
4,000 mi^2 of salt flat - Salar de Uyuni, Bolivia
Highest Mountain in the Solar System
21,287 km - Olympus Mons, Mars
Highest Point (Altitude)
8,484 m above sea level - Mount Everest, Himalayas
Highest Volcano Summit
6,879 m Nevado Ojos del Salado, South America
Hottest Temperature Recorded
56.7 degrees Celsius Death Valley, California
Largest Artificial Land
5.72 km^2 - Palm Jumeirah, UAE
Largest Basin
155,000,000 km^2 Pacific Ocean
Largest Cave System
150 ft deep, 9km long - Hang Song Doong, Vietnam
Largest Desert
14,245,014 km^2 Antarctic Polar Desert
Largest Diamond Mine
Alkhal Mine, Russia
Largest Earthquake
Magnitude 9.5 - 1960 Valdivia Earthquake, Chile
Largest Gold Mine
100km^2 - Grasberg Mine, Indonesia
Largest Gold Nugget
97.14 kg - Welcome Stranger
Largest Impact Crater
300 km^2 - Vredefort Crater
Largest Lake by Surface Area
371,000 km^2 - Caspian Sea
Largest Lake by Volume
23,615.39 km^3 - Lake Baikal
Largest Meteorite
2.7m x 2.7m x 0.9m - Hoba Meteorite, Namibia
Largest Non-Polar Desert
9,065,009 km^2 - Sahara Desert
Largest Open-Pit Mine
9 km^2 - Bingham Canyon Mine, USA
Largest River by Discharge
340,000m^3/s (maximum) - Amazon River
Largest Rock
92 km ^2 - Mount Augustus, Australia
Largest Rough Diamond
621.350 g - Cullinan Diamond
Largest Subaerial Landslide
1,036 km^2, 487 m thick - Heart Mountain Landslide
Largest Submarine Landslide
~3500 km^3 - Storegga Slide, Norway
Largest Surviving Gold Nugget
6,082 g - Pepita Canaa Nugget
Largest Tsunami
525m - 1958 Lituya Bay Mega Tsunami
Longest and Most Active Fault System
40,000 km - Pacific Ring of Fire
Longest Cave System
640 km - Mammoth Cave, Kentucky
Longest Mountain Range
16,000 km - Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Antlantic
Longest Mountain Range above Sea Level
7000 km - Andes Mountain Range
Longest River
6,650 km - Nile River
Lowest Point on Land
395 m Below sea level - Deep Sea Shore, Israel
Most Active Volcano
Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii
Most Massive Volcano
553,000 km^2 - Tamu Massif, Pacific
Most Remote Island
Trustan de Cunha, Saint Helena - 1,743 mi. away from land, cape town, South Africa
Smallest Island
46 x 16m - Bishop Rock, England
Snowiest Place
Paradise, Washington, USA - 93.5 ft Maximum annual snowfall
Tallest Mountain
10,203 m from submarine base to peak - Mauna Kea, Hawaii
Wettest Place
Mawsynram, India - 467 in. of annual rainfall
Windiest Place
Commonwealth Bay, Antarctica - 150mph winds