Geography - Water Cycle EQ3 Flashcards
What is water stress
When the annual supply of water per person falls below 1700m3
What is water scarcity
When the annual supply of water per person falls below 1000m3
What is physical scarcity
Occurs when more than 75% of a country’s or a region’s blue water flows are being used - applies to around 25% of population.
What is economic scarcity
Occurs when development of the blue water sources is limited by a lack of capital, technology and good governance.
What is virtual water
The hidden flow of water when food or other commodities are traded.
How is industrial water pollution a cause of water insecurity
Toxic waste dumped into rivers, pollutes the river. In China 300 million use contaminated water daily.
How is salt water encroachment at the coast a cause of water insecurity
It’s due to sea levels rising, storm surges and groundwater abstraction. Freshwater pumping, lowers water table and allows saltwater to move into soil.
What is the water poverty index
In 2002, the centre of ecology and Hydrology published the first WPI. It’s an assessment of the degree of water shortage and the subsequent water insecurity problems. Scores can correlate to GNP per capita. Canada highest - 78. Ethiopia lowest - 48.
How does privatisation affect price of water
How do government policies affect price of water
How does cost of obtaining supply affect price of water
How does infrastructure affect price of water
How does demand affect price of water
How does piped water supply affect price of water
