Geography Paper 1 - Earthquake Case Study Flashcards
Where about was Italy effected by the Earthquake?
L’Aquila - central Italy
When was the L’Aquila earthquake?
6th April 2009 - early hours
What was the magnitude of the Earthquake in L’Aquila
6.3
What caused the Earthquake?
Oceanic African plate subducting under the continental Eurasian plate.
What were primary economic issues of the L’Aquila earthquake?
Primary:
- Bussinesses destroyed
- Bridge connecting city to nearby towns destroyed
What were secondary economic effects of the L’Aquila earthquake?
Secondary:
- $11.4 Million total damage
- House prices and rents increased
- Decreased tourism in L’Aquila
What were primary social effects of the L’Aquila?
Primary:
- 15,000
- 306 People died
- Salvatore Hospital damaged
What were secondary Social effects of the L’Aquila earthquake?
Secondary:
- 67,500 people homeless
- University applicants declined
- Fires killed people in damaged buildings
What were primary environmental effects of the L’Aquila earthquake?
Primary:
- Destruction of habitats
- 1000 square Km of land affected by surface ruptures
What are secondary environmental effects of the L’Aquila earthquake?
Secondary:
- 300 aftershocks up 4.5 on the richter scale
- Landslides triggered by aftershocks
What were immediate responses to the L’Aquila earthquake?
- Hotels sheltered 10,000 homeless people
- 40,000 tents issues to homeless
- Italian Red Cross were searching for survivors within an hour
Where were long-term responses to the L’Aquila earthquake?
- Taxes cancelled for residents in 2010
- Students university fees scrapped
- Investigation into why ‘earthquake proof buildings’ collapsed.
Where was the Nepal Earthquake?
Northwest of Kathmandu, Nepal
When was the Nepal Earthquake?
28th April 2015
Why were the responses for the L’Aquila earthquake effective?
- Italy is a rich country so the government had available funds after the earthquake
- Emergency response was rapid due to good training
- Excellent medical facilities to treat the injured
What was the magnitude of the Nepal Earthquakeon the richter scale?
7.6
Why did the Earthquake in Nepal happen?
The continental Indian plate is moving into the continental Eurasian plate.
What are primary economic effects of the Nepal earthquake?
Primary:
- International Airport was destroyed
- 50% of shops were destroyed
What are secondary economic effects of the Nepal earthquake?
Secondary:
- $10 billion total damage
- Tourism has declined
- Looting broke out
What are primary social effects of the Nepal earthquake?
Primary:
- 8,800 people killed
- 26 hospitals destroyed
- Half of schools destroyed
What are secondary social effects of the Nepal earthquake?
Secondary:
- 1 million people homeless
- Huge food shortages
- Disease broke out due to buried bodies
What are primary environmental effects of the Nepal earthquake?
Primary:
- Death of wildlife species
- Large faults appeared in the ground
What are secondary environmental effects of the Nepal earthquake?
Secondary:
- 325 aftershocks
- Avalanche triggered on Mount Everest killing 19 people
What are Immediate responses from the Nepal earthquake?
- Search and rescue teams arrived quickly from the UK and India
- Half a million tents issued to the homeless
- Helicopters rescued many people caught in avalanches on Mt Everest.
What are long-term responses from the Nepal earthquake?
- 7000 schools need to be rebuilt or repaired
- Stricter controls on building codes to be implemented
- In 2015 Nepal hosted an International conference to seek financial support from other countries
Why were the responses not very effective for the Nepal earthquake?
- Nepal is a poor country and does not have reserves of money for disasters like this
- Emergency response was limited due to poor equipment
- Poor building standards meant most buildings collapsed
