Geography - Environmental hazards

Question 1

Impact of hurricane Katrina

Answer 1

Killed - 1836
Rescued - 33,544
Missing - 705
Homeless - 1m
Affected - 15m

Question 2

Management of tropical storms

Answer 2

Radars sent out to find where rain is falling
Satallites take photos
Computers process data, behaviour, speed, strength
Specially designed aircrafts fly into them to record wind speed, temp

Question 3

Features of a volcano

Answer 3

Made of magma, pyramidal shape
When it erupts the magma cools and forms into solid rock
Destructive plate bounderies - Where 2 plates move together
Constructive - Where 2 plates move apart

Question 4

Impact of Mt. Merapi

Answer 4

Killed 353 people 
Erupts every 5 years 
200 - 600 degrees
Soil is rich in minerals, temperature is mild 
Pyroclastic flows if you live near
70,000 people in danger

Question 5

Volcano management

Answer 5

Education boards, shocks of volcano
People build dams to keep safe
Early warning systems
Radios, megaphones, bunkers

Question 6

Features of an earthquake

Answer 6

Occurs when rocks inside crust move suddenly, sudden movements cause shock waves
Travels 100km, starts severe, ends gentle
Focus = Where rocks move suddenly
Epicentrre = Point of earths surface where intensity is greatest

Question 7

Impact of the Japanese earthquake

Answer 7

Homeless - 500,000
Killed - 19,000
Buildings destroyed - 1.2m
Cities wiped off map - 7
Bridges collapsed
Waves up the 10 metres 
High radiation - 1% more likely to get cancer

Question 8

Management of earthquakes

Answer 8

Earthquake detection system

Regular drills - schools, offices, houses, emergency kits

Question 9

Aid for Japanese earthquake

Answer 9

Maldives - 90,000 cans of tuna
China - $4.5m - humanitarian aid - 2000 blankets, 900 tents, 200 lights
Uk - 63 fire rescue specialists, 11 tonnes of rescue equipement

Question 10

Main features of a tropical storm

Answer 10

Very large - hundreds of km across
Severe depressions - winds reach 69km/h - over 200km/h
Travel slowly (10km/h)
Sea has to be 27 degrees to form
Over 120km/h - Typhoons, Cyclones, hurricanes

Question 11

Examples of sliding, constructive and destructive earthquakes

Answer 11

Sliding - San Andreas Fault
Constructive - Iceland
Destructive - Japan

Question 12

Explain how aid can lesson the impact of environmental hazards

Answer 12

Short term aid keeps the victims alive whilst long term aid occurs.
Rationed food and water packs
Emergency refugee camps

Long term aid occurs over a long period of time - months or years.
Re buliding buildings and bridges
Re storing water lines and electricity
Re building roads