Geography - Coasts

Question 1

Describe what longshore drift is

Answer 1

When sediments are brought up the beach by swash and backwash

Question 2

How can longshore drift be stopped

Answer 2

Groins can be placed in order to stop sediments from travelling up the beach

Question 3

Formation of a cave

Answer 3

When the waves are pounding on the headland eroding away rocks creating a crack. Over time the waves keep crashing onto the rocks making the crack larger due to a process of hydraulic action. The air compresses and the pressure in the crack increases breaking the rock and forming a cave.

Question 4

Formation of arch

Answer 4

When the waves keep eroding away the rock after the formstion of a cave and the sides of the cave cannot support the weight of the top and it collapses forming an arch

Question 5

Formation of a stump

Answer 5

Eroded stack

Question 6

Formation of bay

Answer 6

Soft rock is eroded quicker than hard rock which forms a bay

Question 7

Formation of a spit

Answer 7

Sediments move along the beach by longshore drift. The prevailing wind makes the end hooked and a lagoon forms behind the spit. Sediments build up and may grow farmland

Question 8

Formation of headland

Answer 8

When hard rock is eroded

Question 9

What is hydraulic action

Answer 9

Hydraulic action is the process by which the sea hits the rocks and cracks start to form. The rocks then break off due to the air compressing

Question 10

Solution

Answer 10

Chemicals in the sea slowly dissolve minerals in the rock causing them to break off

Question 11

Corrasion

Answer 11

Sand, shingle and pebbles thatvwaves are carrying are hurled against the cliff

Question 12

Case study

Answer 12

Sands of Forvie