Geography

Question 1

What are the 3 types of rock

Answer 1

Igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic

Question 2

What is the uk geology

Answer 2

The uks geology is split into 2 halves. The top half is mainly igneous and metamorphic which forms upland landscapes. The lower half is mainly sedimentary with forms lowland

Question 3

What are the uk main rock types

Answer 3

Sedimentary- chalk, limestone, clay

Metamorphic- schists, slate

Igneous- granite

Question 4

Give an example of upland and lowland landscapes

Answer 4

An example of an upland landscape is the Lake District and an example of lowland is Herefordshire

Question 5

How do you find agriculture on maps

Answer 5

Lots of blue ditches and lots of flat lands

Question 6

What’s the difference between hard and soft rocks at the coast

Answer 6

Soft rocks erode easily and cliffs will be less steep and rugged. Hard rocks are resistant to all kinds of erosion and cliffs will be high steep and rugged

Question 7

What are joints and faults

Answer 7

These are cracks in rocks width faults being larger. And both make rock more susceptible to erosion

Question 8

How do waves erode the coast

Answer 8

Hydraulic action, abrasion, attrition and solution

Question 9

What does hydraulic action do

Answer 9

The weight and impact of the water will erode the coast. Also it compresses sir in cracks forcing them apart

Question 10

How does abrasion erode the coast

Answer 10

Breaking waves throw sediment and rocks against the coast

Question 11

What does attrition do

Answer 11

The rocks and pebbles rub and break down

Question 12

How does solution erode things

Answer 12

Chemical action by sea water on rocks

Question 13

What are the 4 types of weathering

Answer 13

Mechanical, biological, chemical and mass movement

Question 14

Give an example of mechanical weathering and how it works

Answer 14

Freeze-thaw weathering. This is where water seeps into cracks in the rock and over night it freezes and expands making large cracks

Question 15

How does biological weathering work

Answer 15

This is caused by plants and animals and it speeds up mechanical or chemical weathering.

Question 16

How does chemical weathering work

Answer 16

This is where a rocks mineral composition is changed.

Question 17

How does mass movement work

Answer 17

Is the downhill movement of material due to gravity

Question 18

What is longshore drift

Answer 18

This is where waves approach the beach at an angle. Backwash carries sediments back at 90° to the beach. And then they keep getting pushed at an angle

Question 19

What is the geology of Christchurch bay

Answer 19

The beach is sand and clay. And has chalk either side

Question 20

What made hurst castle spit

Answer 20

Longshore drift

Question 21

What does hengistburyhead do to the bay

Answer 21

It takes most of the impact so. No erosion and stop lsd from going into the beach

Question 22

What direction is lsd taking the water

Answer 22

East

Question 23

How dens

Y populated is Christchurch

Answer 23

Very densely populated

Question 24

what does the terminal and Bournemouth bay do to Christchurch bay

Answer 24

It stops sediments from being deposited in Christchurch

Question 25

What does human factors do towards flooding 5e river wet

Answer 25

Causes the flood plain to grow because of it being densely populated and making impermeable surfaces

Question 26

What river is the wet a tributary for

Answer 26

Thames

Question 27

Where is most coastal flooding in 5euk

Answer 27

Oalong the east coast

Question 28

What ways do we protect the beaches

Answer 28

Sea walls, grounds, beach replenishment, slope stabilisation, do nothing, hold the line and strategic realignment

Question 29

What’s the difference between upper, middle and lower course

Answer 29

Upper course is steep, small discharge, shallow, narrow and features waterfalls. Middle course is less steep, large discharge, deeper, and contains meanders and flood plains. Lower course is shallow gradient, very large discharge, really deep and features levees and ox bow lakes

Question 30

What are the 4 types of transportation in the river

Answer 30

Traction, saltation, suspension, solution

Question 31

What does traction do

Answer 31

Large boulders role along floor

Question 32

What does saltation do

Answer 32

Small pebbles bounce along the river bed

Question 33

What does suspension do

Answer 33

Small sand and silt Particles float along the river with the flow

Question 34

What does solution do

Answer 34

Minerals dissolve into the water

Question 35

What does the line and bar in a storm hydrography do

Answer 35

The line is the amount of discharge and bar is amount of rainfall

Question 36

What is the lag time

Answer 36

That is the time between peak rainfall and discharge

Question 37

What physical factors reduce lag time

Answer 37

Geology, soil type, vegetation, slope, drainage Abi’s in shape

Question 38

What does climate change do to increase flood risk

Answer 38

Increases storm frequency, increasing periods of hot dry weather, increases periods of extreme cold weather

Question 39

How can we manage flood risks

Answer 39

Embankments and levees, flood walls, dams, flood barriers, river resotration, wash,ands, plane tress

Question 40

What is conurbation

Answer 40

That is where an area has expanded and absorbespd smaller areas

Question 41

What is the uks economic structure like

Answer 41

Over half is tertiary. 1/6 is secondary. 1/8 quaternary and tiny bit primary

Question 42

What is the uks city structure

Answer 42

The cod and inner city is in the centre and it spreads to the m25

Question 43

What is the context of London

Answer 43

It is south west of England. Large rural urban migration. Large amounts of immigrants. Surronded by m25

Question 44

How do popeople move around London

Answer 44

New arrivals move to cheap houses in inner city. Industry around main roads. Richer move to suburbs and retire to rural areas

Question 45

What does decentralisation mean

Answer 45

Where cheaper land in suburbs is made ping centres and business parks