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Flashcarts From Ise > Geo H2 > Flashcards

Geo H2 Flashcards

1
Q

abrasion (cliffed) coast

A

Steep coast which forms when the sea erodes the lower slopes.

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2
Q

atmosphere

A

The air around us.

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3
Q

beach ridge (sand mass)

A

A sand bank created by breakers, above sea level.

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4
Q

biological weathering

A

Weathering caused by living organisms.

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5
Q

biosphere

A

Life on Earth (plants, animals, people).

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6
Q

breakers

A

Waves breaking in the sea.

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7
Q

catchment area

A

The entire area that drains into the principal river system.

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8
Q

chemical weathering

A

Weathering that changes the composition of rock.

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9
Q

coastal dune

A

Hill that forms when the wind blows the sand together.

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10
Q

hills

A

Area with an altitude between 200 and 500 metres.

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11
Q

high mountain range

A

Mountainous area with an altitude higher than 1,500 metres.

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12
Q

ground moraine

A

Sediment that is left behind when a glacier melts.

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13
Q

gradient

A

The fall per kilometre.

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14
Q

graben

A

A dip in the Earth’s crust along a fault zone.

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15
Q

glacier-fed river

A

River that catches meltwater from glaciers.

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16
Q

glacier

A

Sheet of ice in a high mountain range that moves very slowly down the mountain (so slowly that you can’t even see it).

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17
Q

glacial tunnel

A

Tunnel that forms at the bottom of a glacier when meltwater accumulates there.

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18
Q

glacial portal

A

Opening where meltwater flows from a glacier.

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19
Q

glacial

A

Period when the average temperature on Earth fell by a few degrees. Also called ice age.

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20
Q

geological factor

A

Factor that partly determines the landscape.

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21
Q

frost weathering

A

Type of mechanical weathering; freezing and thawing makes the rock crumble.

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22
Q

fold mountain range

A

Mountains that form when the Earth’s crust is squeezed and pushed upwards.

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23
Q

flow rate

A

The amount of water that a river carries away.

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24
Q

firn basin

A

A place high in the mountains where firn accumulates.

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25
Q

firn

A

Crystalline, icy snow left over from previous seasons.

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26
Q

fault

A

Crack or tear in the Earth’s crust.

27
Q

fall

A

The difference in altitude between two points along a river.

28
Q

exogenic force

A

Force from outside the Earth that changes the Earth’s crust.

29
Q

estuary

A

Broad river mouth formed by the ebb and flow of the tide.

30
Q

erosion coast

A

Coast where the waves take away more material than they leave behind.

31
Q

erosion

A

The abrasion of hard rock by water, ice and wind, carrying weathered material.

32
Q

endogenic force

A

Force from within the Earth that changes the Earth’s crust.

33
Q

Earth’s crust

A

Thin layer of rock that covers the Earth. It is about 1 to 7 kilometres thick under oceans and 20 to 70 kilometres thick under continents.

34
Q

delta

A

An area at the river mouth where the main river divides into many small rivers.

35
Q

horst

A

Part of the Earth’s crust that has been pushed upwards along a fault zone.

36
Q

hydrosphere

A

All the water found on Earth.

37
Q

ice age

A

See glacial.

38
Q

interglacial

A

Warmer period between two ice ages.

39
Q

land ice

A

A layer of perpetual snow that has turned into ice

40
Q

lateral moraine

A

Debris on the side of an ice lobe.

41
Q

lower reaches

A

The last part of a river (near the sea).

42
Q

lowland

A

Area with an altitude lower than 200 metres.

43
Q

low mountain range

A

Area where the altitude of most of the mountain peaks is between 500 and 1,500 metres.

44
Q

meander

A

A natural bend in a river.

45
Q

mechanical weathering

A

Weathering that does not change the composition of rock.

46
Q

mixed river

A

River that transports meltwater from glaciers as well as rainwater.

47
Q

old mountain range

A

Mountains with round tops and shallow valleys; older than 65 million years.

48
Q

oxbow lake

A

Lake that forms when a meander is cut off from the main river.

49
Q

plate

A

Piece of the Earth’s crust. Also called a slab.

50
Q

precipitation

A

Water (rain, snow or hail) from the atmosphere that falls on the Earth.

51
Q

rain-fed river

A

River consisting entirely of rainwater.

52
Q

regime

A

Fluctuations in the amount of water transported by a river.

53
Q

sedimentary rock

A

Rock formed from material left behind by ice, water or wind.

54
Q

sedimentation

A

Happens when weathering or erosion material is left behind.

55
Q

slab

A

See plate.

56
Q

terminal moraine

A

Pulverized material pushed forward by a glacier.

57
Q

trough valley (U-shaped valley)

A

Valley in the shape of a ‘U’, formed by the erosive action of a glacier.

58
Q

upper reaches

A

The first part of a river (near the source).

59
Q

V-shaped valley

A

Valley in the shape of a ‘V’, formed by the erosive action of a river.

60
Q

watershed

A

Boundary between two catchment areas.

61
Q

wave

A

Movement in a body of water, usually caused by wind blowing over the surface.

62
Q

weathering

A

The disintegration of rock as a result of weather and vegetation.

63
Q

weathered material

A

Debris from weathering.

64
Q

young mountain range

A

Mountains with high peaks, sharp ridges and deep valleys; less than 65 million years old.

Flashcarts From Ise (6 decks)

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