Biology Testweek Ch2

Question 1

proteins

Answer 1

nutrients that mainly function as building blocks, but also as fuels

Question 2

nutrients

Answer 2

the useable components of foodstuffs

Question 3

water

Answer 3

nutrient that mainly functions as a building block

Question 4

minerals

Answer 4

nutrients that mainly function as building blocks and as protective substances

Question 5

building blocks

Answer 5

nutrients that are used to make cells and tissues

Question 6

plant-based foodstuffs

Answer 6

foodstuffs that come from plants or parts of plants

Question 7

fuels

Answer 7

nutrients that provide energy

Question 8

carbohydrates

Answer 8

nutrients that mainly function as fuels, but also as building blocks and reserves

Question 9

vitamins

Answer 9

nutrients that mainly function as building blocks and as protective substances

Question 10

fats

Answer 10

nutrients that mainly function as fuels, but also as building blocks and reserves

Question 11

protective substances

Answer 11

nutrients that are needed to keep you healthy

Question 12

dietary fibre

Answer 12

the indigestible parts of plant-derived food

Question 13

foodstuffs

Answer 13

any product that we eat or drink

Question 14

animal-based foodstuffs

Answer 14

foodstuffs that come from parts of animals or products of animals

Question 15

test strip

Answer 15

strip of paper that changes colour in the presence of a certain substance

Question 16

indicator

Answer 16

substance that can be used to demonstrate the presence of another substance

Question 17

food poisoning

Answer 17

food poisoning

an infection caused by eating food that has been contaminated with chemicals, bacteria or other patho

Question 18

food hygiene

Answer 18

preparing and cooking food safely to reduce

Question 19

eating a varied diet

Answer 19

eating something from each of the five sections of the Wheel of Five every day

Question 20

energy requirement

Answer 20

amount of energy a person needs each day

Question 21

bulimia nervosa

Answer 21

eating disorder in which the person worries about being too fat; they have regular eating binges and then vomit to get rid of the food

Question 22

overweight

Answer 22

when you are heavier than you should be for your age and height

Question 23

underweight

Answer 23

when you are lighter than you should be for your age and height

Question 24

anorexia nervosa

Answer 24

eating disorder in which the person feels they are too fat and eats very little in order to lose extreme amounts of weight

Question 25

Body Mass Index (BMI)

Answer 25

measurement used to determine whether your weight is healthy

Question 26

peristalsis

Answer 26

the alternate contraction and relaxation of the circular muscles and longitudinal muscles in the wall of the intestinal tract

Question 27

digestion

Answer 27

the breakdown of nutrients so that they can be absorbed into the bloodstream

Question 28

digestive glands

Answer 28

the glands that produce the digestive juices

Question 29

digestive juices

Answer 29

these are added to the intestinal tract to help the digestion of food

Question 30

digestive system

Answer 30

all parts of the body involved in the digestion of food

Question 31

enzymes

Answer 31

substances that speed up chemical processes

Question 32

function of pancreatic juice

Answer 32

Digests proteins, carbohydrates and fats

Question 33

function of small intestine

Answer 33

absorbing nutrients, digestion products and water into the blood

Question 34

large intestine

Answer 34

part of the body that removes water from the pulp of undigested food residues

Question 35

anus

Answer 35

circular muscle (sphincter) that closes off the exit from the rectum

Question 36

function of gastric juice

Answer 36

kills bacteria in your food and starts the breakdown of proteins

Question 37

rectum

Answer 37

part of the body that stores faeces temporarily

Question 38

stomach

Answer 38

part of the body where food is stored temporarily

Question 39

pancreas

Answer 39

gland that produces pancreatic juice

Question 40

faeces

Answer 40

undigested food residues

Question 41

appendix

Answer 41

the part of the caecum that is inflamed in appendicitis.

Question 42

pyloric sphincter

Answer 42

circular muscle that closes off the exit from the stomach

Question 43

duodenum

Answer 43

part of the body where the food pulp is mixed with bile and pancreatic juice

Question 44

function of saliva

Answer 44

makes food more slippery and starts the breakdown of starch

Question 45

function of intestinal juice

Answer 45

digests proteins and carbohydrates

Question 46

function of bile

Answer 46

breaks large fat globules up into small fat droplets so that it is easier for the enzymes to get at the fats