Genus Vibro. V.cholerae. V.parahaemolyticus And Other Vibrios Flashcards
Classification
Family: Vibrionaceae
Genus: vibrio
33 well defined species:
- V.cholerae
- V.parahaemolyticus
- V.vulnificus
etc.
Generally Vibrios require NaCl (halophilic) for growth except V.cholera
Vibrio parahemolyticus
Found in warm sea water
Acquired by eating contaminated raw seafood —> especially oysters
V.parahemolyticus
Morphology
Comma shaped gram-negative rod
Motile- Peritrichous flagella
V.parahemolyticus
Growth characteristics
Facultative anaerobic
Halophilic
V.parahemolyticus
Antigenic structure
LPS
Flagella H antigens
V.parahemolyticus
Virulence factors
Enzymes: thermostable hemolysin
Enterotoxins (cause diarrhea similar to cholera toxin)
Adhesins = pili
V.parahemolyticus
Disease
Gastroenteritis (watery diarrhea)
Eye infections
Ear infections
V.parahemolyticus
Microbiological diagnosis
Same as for cholera
Difference between them are made by biochemical tests
Oxidase positive
Ferment glucose without gas production
V.parahemolyticus
Treatment and prevention
Same as with cholera
Expect- mainly fluid and electrolyte balance
Vibrio vulnificus
Found in warm sea water
Acquired either by skin trauma, especially in shellfish handlers, or by ingestion of raw shellfish, especially in immunocompromised patients
Vibrio vulnificus
Morphology
Comma-shaped gram negative rod
Vibrio vulnificus
Disease
Severe wound infections
Gastroenteritis
Life-threatening sepsis with hemorrhagic bullae
Vibrio vulnificus
Treatment
Because of rapid progression -> appropriate antibiotics before confirmation:
Tetracycline
Ciprofloxacin
Vibrio vulnificus
Microbiology diagnosis
Culture in TCBS
Blue-green (sucrose-negative) colonies
