GenSoc Flashcards
is simply a casual notion of distinction as male or female, man or woman, and boy or girl indicative of the stereotype generalization of the differences of each gender.
gender
Each person has individual desires, thoughts, and feelings regardless of their
gender
supposed to have “clean jobs” such as secretaries, teachers, and librarians
women
are supposed to make less money than men
women
do “dirty jobs” such as construction and mechanics
men
established the first official worldwide recognition of women’s equality and non-discrimination on the basis on sex
united nations charter of 1945 and universal declaration of human rights in 1948
were seen as wives and mothers and their main issues were supposed to be obtaining access to food, contraceptives, nutrition, and health care.
women
approach was developed with the idea of improving the development model by “removing disparities in social, economic, and political balances, between women and men as a pre-condition for achieving people-centered development”
gender and development
gad focuses primarily on two major frameworks
gender roles and social relations analysis
focuses on social construction of identities within the household
gender role
Increase women’s political participation and harness their labour capacities to meet national development goals.
40’s - 60’s
Development should empower women and men to greater self-reliance and assertion of own capabilities
70’s - 80’s
Integrate gender awareness and competence into mainstream development.
late 80’s - 90’s on going
can be affected by social various factors and it may also appear different from one society to another depending on the way the members of society evaluate and understand these unique roles attributed one as female or male.
gender identity
refers to the biological distinction of being male and female
sex
is an overt negative behaviors towards a person based on his or her membership in a group.
discrimination
is a term or behavior associated to sexism against an individual as indicative stereotyped beliefs against women in particular.
gender discrimination
are baseless assumptions about the characteristics, attributes, and behaviors of members of certain groups and most of them are sociocultural beliefs.
stereotypes
or integrating gender into development planning in all sectors of society requires a uniform understanding of various concepts
mainstreaming
is the sustained capacity to achieve a better life. Having a better life means members have a higher life expectancy and enjoy a higher quality of life.
development
was not recognized until recently. Because men were perceived as dominant in the productive sphere, and because of the secondary importance given to reproductive functions, male needs and concerns became the focus of development initiatives, with the assumption that these concerns to apply to all
gender dimension
led to the neglect of concerns particular to women. The neglect is now being redressed through affirmative action in which women are given the advantage so they can catch up in areas where they have fallen behind, and through policy and program formulation that considers the specific needs of women and men.
gender blindness
emerged in the fifteenth century and is derived from the French
societe
society
are similar concepts, but their scopes are different
society and culture
differentiate societies based on a variety of factors.
social scientist
it is a sociologist, differentiates societies into four levels based on their level of technology, communication, and economy
lenski
consist minimally of a large extended family, and generally as groups of families connected either by kinship or by geopolitical factors
families
has a profound effect on patterns of community.
cultural evolution
settled around seasonal food supplies eventually become agrarian
villages.
hunter-gatherer tribes
is the simplest form of human society
band
grew to become towns and cities
villages
is a group of people united by kinship and descent, which is defined by
perceived descent from a common ancestor
clan
, viewed historically or developmentally, consists of a social group existing
before the development of, or outside of, states, through some modern theorists
hold that “contemporary” tribes can only be understood in terms of their
relationship to states.
tribe
is a human population whose members identify with each other,
usually on the basis of a presumed common genealogy or lineage
ethnic group
is any community led by an individual known as a chief
chiefdom
is a political association with effective dominion over a geographic are
state
Presumed that thousands of years ago people lived in isolation and their only
problems were the basic necessities to live such as food, water, and shelter.
evolutionary
Leaders were selected and social norms were imposed, upon which divisions of
roles, and responsibilities were assigned
political
This is to provide means and ways to sustains man’s basic and materials needs
to live.
economical
The relations between and , both perceptual and material. Gender
is not determined biologically, as a result of sexual characteristics of either
women or men, but not is constructed casually
men and women
refers to when a person identifies with the opposite gender. It is
broad term used to refer either transsexual and/or transgender
transpeople
identify as the opposite gender to their biological sex.
Physical transformation, genital reassignment surgery or hormonal
transexual individuals
is a broad term that like Trans covers a range of identities and or
behaviours
transgender
refers to a range of condition where a person’s sex is not strictly male or
female
intersex
can be complicated and is not fixed for everyone.
sexuality
refers to when people tend to be attracted to the
opposite sex or gender
heterosexual or straight
refers to same-sex attraction and is most often used to in reference
to men
gay
refers to women who are mostly attracted to other women, or
people identifying as women
lesbian
refers to individuals who are attracted to both sexes and genders.
bisexual
is also often indicate a diverse sexuality, and
attraction to people regardless of their genders.
pansexuals or pan
refers to individuals who do not or have not yet experienced
sexual attraction to anyone
asexuals
is often confused with the concept of sexual orientation –
which describes patterns of emotional, romantic, and sexual attraction to
people
gender identity
refers to each person’s capacity for profound emotional,
affectional, and sexual attraction to, and intimate and sexual relations with
individuals of a different gender or the same gender, or more than one gender
sexual orientation
is an external manifestation of person’s gender identity, expressed
through one’s name, pronouns, clothing, voice, and body characteristics
gender expression
A person who has qualities and characteristics which are
traditionally associated with a man.
masculine
A person who has qualities and characteristics which are traditionally
associated with a woman
femine
A person whose qualities and characteristics differ from those
which are traditionally associated with a man or woman.
gender neutral
A person whose qualities and characteristics are combinations of
those traditionally associated with a man or woman.
androgynou
is the process of learning the social expectations and attitudes
associated with one’s sex.
gender socialization
of gender socialization is any person or group that plays a role in the
childhood gender socialization process.
agent
The four primary agents of gender socialization are
parents, teachers, peers, and the media
are typically a child’s first source of information about gender
parents
model gender roles and sometimes demonstrate
gender stereotypes by treating their male and female students in different ways
teachers and school administrators
also contribute to gender socialization. Children tend to play with
same-gender peers
peers
teachers children about what it means to be a boy or a girl
media
is also a powerful social institution that shape gender identity in
society. There are sacred spaces where only men are allowed to enter and not for women.
church or religion
is an important avenue of gender socialization for many people such as
synagogues, temples, churches, mosques, and similar religious communities where
people gather to worship and learn
religion
is a lifelong process. The beliefs about gender that we acquire in
childhood can affect us throughout our lives.
gender socialization
are generalizations about the roles believed as exclusive to each
other. These are generally neither positive nor negative; they are simply inaccurate
generalizations of the male and female attributes
gender stereotypes
can be very contimplicated issues for young people
gender and sexuality
integrating gender into development planning in all sectors of society requires a uniform understanding of various concepts.
mainstreaming
is the sustained capacity to achieve a better life. Having a better life means members have a higher life expectancy and enjoy a higher quality of life.
development
was not recognized until recently. Because men were perceived as
dominant in the productive sphere, and because of the secondary importance given to reproductive functions, male needs and concerns became the focus of development initiatives, with the assumption that these concerns to apply to all
gender dimension
led to the neglect of concerns particular to women. The neglect is now being redressed through affirmative action in which women are given the advantage so they can catch up in areas where they have fallen behind, and through policy and program formulation that considers the specific needs of women and men.
gender blindness
as an approach and practice perspective should be
carried out by all, especially those working in the government.
Gender and Development
is simply defined as a grouping of individuals, which is characterized by common interest and may have distinctive culture and institutions.
society
are inherently and essentially social creatures, with the desire and needs to be in close contact with
human beings
is an attribute characteristics of a community, the complex web of shifting patterns that link individuals together.
culture
differentiate societies based on a variety of factors
social scientist
consist minimally of a large extended family, and generally as groups of families connected either by kinship or by geopolitical factors
societies
