genomes to ecosystems lecture 9- environmental protection Flashcards
Who are decisions made by?
Scottish (devolved powers) government makes decisions (i.e. laws) that meet requirements of international agreement (‘directive’). Because these are policy makers (aka politicians) they need guidance from people with subject-specific knowledge. This is where the role of the Statutory Consultees come in- organisations paid by the government to provide neutral advice on environmental issues.
what is species based management?
Species-based management focuses on conserving individual species through targeted strategies, ensuring their survival and role in ecosystems, but may require integration with broader ecosystem-based approaches for long-term success.
what is community based management?
Community-based management focuses on empowering local communities to sustainably manage natural resources, fostering collaboration, and ensuring ecological, economic, and social benefits.
Species-specific
Community benefits
Local knowledge & responsibility
Difficult to scale up
what is ecosystem based management?
Ecosystem-based management aims to sustain ecosystem health and services by considering the complex interactions within ecosystems and between humans and the environment.
how to design a marine protected area…
Identification based on the presence of key features
Prioritisation based on the qualities of features
Assessment of the scale needed to maintain integrity
Assessment of the ability to effectively manage features
Prioritisation according to their contribution to the MPA network
what are the difficulties to design an MPA?
Hard to find baseline data
Insufficient data to nominate sites
Conflicts between different users
How to regulate & monitor?
when do marine protected areas work?
1) big enough
2) close enough
3) representative
4) numerous enough
5) actively protected
what are naturas 2000 protected spaces?
18% EU territory
26000 terrestrial & marine sites
1000+ endangered species
Natural & cultural value
Where are examples of protective spaces?
Inland waters
Territorial waters
Exclusive Economic Zone
High Seas
what are specific examples of protected spaces?
UK Designations
Special Areas of Conservation
Special Protection Areas
Sites of Special Scientific Interest
Ramsar Sites
Current EU policies
Marine Strategy Framework Directive (2008)
Habitats / Birds Directive (1979, 1992, 2009)
Common Fisheries Policy (1970 - 2013)
Water Framework Directive (2000)
REACH Directive
what management is the best way forward?
ecosystem based spatial management which uses spatial planning tools to balance ecological protection and human activities within defined geographic areas, ensuring sustainable and integrated resource use.
what are the modern day situation?
Finite resources
Conflicting uses
Scale of space
The tricky world of boundaries
