Genome projects Flashcards
1
Q
What is the genome?
A
all the genetic material within an organism
2
Q
What is the proteome?
A
the entire set of proteins that can be expressed by a cell or organism
3
Q
Why might the proteome not always be expressed?
A
- different cells are specialised, with genes being turned on or off.
- only genes turned on are expressed and lead to proteins
4
Q
What is Whole Genome Shotgun?
A
cutting DNA into small sections and using computer algorithms to assemble the genome
5
Q
What are single nucleotide polymorphisms?
A
single base substitutions associated with a specific disease or disorder
6
Q
What is bioinformatics?
A
the science of collecting and analysing complex biological data
7
Q
Why is DNA sequencing/genome mapping easier in prokaryotes?
A
- DNA is not associated with histones
- no introns
8
Q
Why is DNA sequencing harder in complex organisms?
A
- introns
- histones
- Genome doesn’t always equal proteome
9
Q
Why is genome mapping prokaryotes useful?
A
- helps to identify antigens which can be used to develop vaccines
