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pathology > genitourinary 2 > Flashcards

genitourinary 2 Flashcards

1
Q

ureteropelvic junction obstruction is

A

congenital disorder that results in hydronephrosis

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2
Q

malignant tumor of ureter

A

urothelial carcinoma

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3
Q

retroperitoneal fibrosis causes

A

obstruction &narrowing of ureter

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4
Q

diverticulum is

A

pouch like evagination of bladder wall

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5
Q

bacterial cystitis is common in

A

women

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6
Q

malakoplakia is

A

defect in phagocytic or degradative function of macrophages leading to undigested bacterial products within phagosomes

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7
Q

michaelis gutmann bodies are

A

deposition of calcium salts

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8
Q

polypoid cystitis is

A

irritation of bladder mucosa forming broad bulbous projection

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9
Q

bladder tumors present with painless

A

hematuria

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10
Q

papillary urothelial carcinoma can invade

A

superficial lamina propria or deep musclaris propria

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11
Q

flat urothelial carcinoma is

A

malignant cells within flat urothelium

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12
Q

adenocarcinomas can arise from

A

urachal remnants

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13
Q

syphilis caused by

A

spirochete, treponema pallidum

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14
Q

syphillis is common in

A

HIV patients

african americans

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15
Q

organism in syphilis can spread through

A

lymphatics and blood even before appearance of skin/mucosal lesion

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16
Q

stages of syphilis

A

primary, secondary, tertiary, congenital

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17
Q

main symptom of primary syphillis

A

chancre

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18
Q

secondary syphilis

A

lymphadenopathy
mucocutaneous lesions
highly infective

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19
Q

tertiary syphilis

A

lesions at distant sites
difficult to find organisms
less likely to be infectious

20
Q

congenital syphilis

A

transplacental transmission

21
Q

gummas are in

A

tertiary syphilis
large areas of parenchymal damage

bones, skin, mucous membranes
lymphocytes, plasma cells, activated macrophages

22
Q

gonorrhea infection requires

A

direct contact with mucosa

23
Q

organisms in gonorrhea attach to

A

mucosal epithelium

24
Q

diagnosis of gonorrhea

A

culture, nucleic acid detection

25
Q

gonorrhea in males

A

prulent urethral discharge

26
Q

gonorrhea in females

A

secretions less conspicuous

27
Q

elementary body of c. trachomatis

A

infectious form, taken up by host by receptor mediated endocytosis

28
Q

reticulate body of c. trachomatis

A

metabolically active form

uses energy of host cells to replicate &form new elementary bodies

29
Q

lymphogranuloma venereum caused by

A

c. trachomatis

30
Q

what are lymphogranuloma venereum

A

nonspecific urethritis or papular or ulcerative lesions involving lower genetalia
tender enlarged matted inguinal and/or femoral lymphadenopathy

31
Q

histo of lymphogranuloma venereum

A

mixed granulomatous & neutrophilic inflammatory response

32
Q

chancroid is

A

acute, ulcerative infection

33
Q

draining lymph nodes of chancroid may show

A

necrotizing inflammation –> abscess formation

34
Q

granuloma inguinale caused by

A

Calymmatobacterium granulomatis

35
Q

donovan bodies are

A

coccobacilli within vacuoles of macrophages

36
Q

donovan bodies found in

A

granuloma inguinale

37
Q

incubation of trichomonas vaginalis

A

4-28 days

38
Q

trichomonas vaginalis in females

A

asymptomatic/ pruritis, frothy, yellow, vaginal discharge

39
Q

trichomonas vaginalis in males

A

asymptomatic

40
Q

HSV ___ can cause anogenital/oral infections

A

1 and 2

41
Q

most anogenital herpes caused by

A

HSV 2

42
Q

get herpes by

A

direct contact with mucosal surface/ broken skin

43
Q

herpes virus inactivated by

A

room temperature

44
Q

cowdry type A inclusion found in

A

herpes

45
Q

diagnosis of herpes

A

PCR, viral culture

pathology (8 decks)

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