genitourinary 2 Flashcards
ureteropelvic junction obstruction is
congenital disorder that results in hydronephrosis
malignant tumor of ureter
urothelial carcinoma
retroperitoneal fibrosis causes
obstruction &narrowing of ureter
diverticulum is
pouch like evagination of bladder wall
bacterial cystitis is common in
women
malakoplakia is
defect in phagocytic or degradative function of macrophages leading to undigested bacterial products within phagosomes
michaelis gutmann bodies are
deposition of calcium salts
polypoid cystitis is
irritation of bladder mucosa forming broad bulbous projection
bladder tumors present with painless
hematuria
papillary urothelial carcinoma can invade
superficial lamina propria or deep musclaris propria
flat urothelial carcinoma is
malignant cells within flat urothelium
adenocarcinomas can arise from
urachal remnants
syphilis caused by
spirochete, treponema pallidum
syphillis is common in
HIV patients
african americans
organism in syphilis can spread through
lymphatics and blood even before appearance of skin/mucosal lesion
stages of syphilis
primary, secondary, tertiary, congenital
main symptom of primary syphillis
chancre
secondary syphilis
lymphadenopathy
mucocutaneous lesions
highly infective
tertiary syphilis
lesions at distant sites
difficult to find organisms
less likely to be infectious
congenital syphilis
transplacental transmission
gummas are in
tertiary syphilis
large areas of parenchymal damage
bones, skin, mucous membranes
lymphocytes, plasma cells, activated macrophages
gonorrhea infection requires
direct contact with mucosa
organisms in gonorrhea attach to
mucosal epithelium
diagnosis of gonorrhea
culture, nucleic acid detection
gonorrhea in males
prulent urethral discharge
gonorrhea in females
secretions less conspicuous
elementary body of c. trachomatis
infectious form, taken up by host by receptor mediated endocytosis
reticulate body of c. trachomatis
metabolically active form
uses energy of host cells to replicate &form new elementary bodies
lymphogranuloma venereum caused by
c. trachomatis
what are lymphogranuloma venereum
nonspecific urethritis or papular or ulcerative lesions involving lower genetalia
tender enlarged matted inguinal and/or femoral lymphadenopathy
histo of lymphogranuloma venereum
mixed granulomatous & neutrophilic inflammatory response
chancroid is
acute, ulcerative infection
draining lymph nodes of chancroid may show
necrotizing inflammation –> abscess formation
granuloma inguinale caused by
Calymmatobacterium granulomatis
donovan bodies are
coccobacilli within vacuoles of macrophages
donovan bodies found in
granuloma inguinale
incubation of trichomonas vaginalis
4-28 days
trichomonas vaginalis in females
asymptomatic/ pruritis, frothy, yellow, vaginal discharge
trichomonas vaginalis in males
asymptomatic
HSV ___ can cause anogenital/oral infections
1 and 2
most anogenital herpes caused by
HSV 2
get herpes by
direct contact with mucosal surface/ broken skin
herpes virus inactivated by
room temperature
cowdry type A inclusion found in
herpes
diagnosis of herpes
PCR, viral culture
