genitalia PEDS

Question 1

before birth, where do testes descend?

Answer 1

along the inguinal canal into the scrotum

Question 2

at birth, how long are each testis?

Answer 2

1.5-2cm long and 1cm wide

Question 3

when is puberty?

Answer 3

between 9.5-13.5 years

Question 4

history?

Answer 4

• problems urinating
• pain with urinating
• crying when using bathroom
• uti
• bed wetting
• problems with penis or scrotum

Question 5

5 years or older?

Answer 5

• bed wetting

- how the parents handle it

Question 6

what do you talk to parents about at the age of 2+?

Answer 6

potty training

Question 7

when you are screening for sexual abuse what do you ask the child? why?

Answer 7

• “who are three adults that you can talk to if something happens to you?”
• it can often happen within the family

Question 8

history for preadolescents and adolescents? what questions do you ask?

Answer 8

• when asking questions be very precise

- “often boys your age have questions about…. what questions do you have?”

Question 9

hypospadias?

Answer 9

• when the opening of the urethra is on the underside of the penis
• this is not normal

Question 10

epispadias?

Answer 10

• when the opening of the urethra is on the upper part of the penis
• this is not normal

Question 11

crytorchildism?

Answer 11

undescended testes

Question 12

hydrocele?

Answer 12

• fluid in the scrotum
• appears a swollen scrotum
• pinkish color
• usually disappears spontaneously

Question 13

what scale do you use for adolescents?

Answer 13

Tanner’s SMR chart

Question 14

where are ovaries located during childhood?

Answer 14

abdomen

Question 15

when do you perform a pelvic exam?

Answer 15

• wants contraception
• had intercourse
• age 18

Question 16

what color is first stool for newborn? when? what does this indicate?

Answer 16

• dark green meconium
• occurs within 24-48 hours
• indicates anal patency

Question 17

when can child control stool?

Answer 17

around 1.5-2 years

Question 18

history of anus?

Answer 18

• irritation
• itching or redness
• frequency and pain with bowel movements

Question 19

encopresis?

Answer 19

persistent passing of stools into clothing older than 4 years

Question 20

how to check anal reflex?

Answer 20

stroking the anal area and noting a quick contraction of the sphincter to assess sphincter tone

Question 21

what is common in infancy that may not indicate abuse?

Answer 21

diaper rash

Question 22

for an uncircumcised infant, what are some things you should know?

Answer 22

• foreskin is tight in first 3 months and should not be retracted
• if retracted it may tear membrane attaching foreskin to shaft
• may cause scarring and adhesions
• when older than 3 months you may retract the foreskin gently to assess gland and meatus
• it should then return to normal position

Question 23

what is phimosis?

Answer 23

foreskin cannot be retracted

Question 24

what is phimosis?

Answer 24

foreskin cannot be retracted

Question 25

what race generally develops first for women?

Answer 25

- black girls - Mexican-American girls - white girls